University of kentucky hip hop 2013

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a short formal essay Nicholas Handler, is a junior at Yale University majoring in history. Handler is active in social justice organizations and hopes to become a human rights lawyer. I never expected to gain any new insight into the nature of my generation, or the changing landscape of American colleges, in Lit Theory. Lit Theory is hip hop 2013 supposed to be the class where you sit at the back of the room with every other jaded sophomore wearing skinny jeans, thick-framed glasses, an ironic tee-shirt and over-sized retro headphones, just waiting for lecture to be over so you can light up a Turkish Gold and walk to lunch while listening to Wilco. Murray State University Student Health Insurance. That#8217;s pretty much the of kentucky 2013, way I spent the university emergency clinic, course, too: through structuralism, formalism, gender theory, and post-colonialism, I was far too busy shuffling through my iPod to of kentucky hip hop 2013 see what the patriarchal world order of capitalist oppression had to north state football do with Ethan Frome. Hip Hop. But when we began to study postmodernism, something struck a chord with me and made me sit up and look anew at the seemingly blase college-aged literati of which I was so self-consciously one. Letter: Fortunately, College Has Changed. This is in regard to your college essay contest that took place last year. The essay entitled Fortunately, College Has Changed by Matthew Bender from the University of Arkansas has several factual errors and insinuations. Then entire first and second paragraphs are neither chronologically or factually correct.

How do I know that there are errors? Because I am Mervin Jebaraj, the does ohio superscore, person referred to in the opening paragraph. 1. A committee of students wrote the actual text of a proposed bill not a note. The idea began in November of 2007 and not in the spring. 2. There was no staying up all night, and there was no on university hip hop 2013 campus bbq.

The committee obtained a meeting with Sen. Madison after a lot of ohio, work and didn#8217;t just pass a note to her. The committee also spent months working with her and other legislators. to see the resolution passed. We don#8217;t appreciate the trivialising narrative of our work. 3. The resolution never asked for the creation of socially aware investments, the of kentucky 2013, options already existed.

4. The conference I went to was well after the divestment process and was to share ideas about divestment with others as opposed to receiving inspiration for divestment. 5. There is an implication that I was skinny dipping and smoking marijuana in Belize. Neither is true. I hold the New York times in the highest regard and ohio dental clinic hope that you will take this seriously. In the future, I hope you check the. veracity of statements made before you publish them. Mervin Jebaraj, Research Assistant, Center for Business and Economic Research. Liz Addison , 38, is a biology major whose goal is to become a large animal veterinarian. She has trained a winning racehorse and is interested in American presidential history.

Oh, the hand wringing. #8220;College as America used to university 2013 understand it is coming to an end,#8221; bemoans Rick Perlstein and his beatnik friend of fallen face. Those days, man, when a pretentious reading list was all it took to lift a child from university graduate admissions, suburbia. When jazz riffs hung in the dorm lounge air with the of kentucky hip hop 2013, smoke of a thousand bongs, and college really mattered. Really mattered? Rick Perlstein thinks so.

It mattered so much to him that he never got over texas christian university college prowler his four years at the University of Privilege. So he moved back to live in its shadow, like a retired ballerina taking a seat in the stalls. But when the curtain went up he saw students working and studying and working some more. Adults before their time. Today, at the University of Privilege, the student applies with a Curriculum Vitae not a book list. Shudder. Frankie Thomas , is a junior majoring in cinema-television critical studies, with a minor in gender studies.

Her immediate plans include dropping out at the end of the year to of kentucky write and/or travel. She is ohio university dental a film maker and a blogger, with interests ranging from the social history of the Victorian era to of kentucky hip hop 2013 birdwatching to the novels of Dawn Powell. I had the university emergency clinic, kind of university, college experience most people only dream about. Charged by the atmosphere of intellectual exploration, inspired by ohio university clinic professors who pushed me farther than I#8217;d ever imagined I could go, I made fascinating new friends at Skidmore; together we discovered Nabokov and Kafka, Citizen Kane and Dr. Strangelove, and our own literary voices.

It was a three-week summer program. I was fifteen. Now I#8217;m twenty, halfway toward graduating from University of Southern California, and if I had a thousand dollars for every college student I know who Struggles With Depression#8230;well, I still wouldn#8217;t have enough money to pay my full tuition. But it would keep me going for a semester or two, assuming I didn#8217;t lose my own struggle and drop listlessly out. University Hip Hop. As our SATs would have put it, #8220;depression#8221; is to #8220;college campus#8221; as #8220;consumption#8221; is to #8220;Victorian orphanage,#8221; and ours is a generation of wheezing waifs.

Max Lance , 23, is a freshman at USC#8217;s School of Cinematic Arts, majoring in writing for university superscore act, film and television. He hopes to make his mark either with a #8220;life-changing TV show#8221; or by #8220;marrying someone rich.#8221; When I dropped out of college three years ago I would have completely agreed that college isn#8217;t the cultural experience that it was hyped up to be. As I return this September, I#8217;ve realized that it#8217;s a good thing it isn#8217;t. I completely agree that college as America used to know it has come to an end, but I believe that schools have changed for the better. The problem I had when I quit school the first time around was that I never adjusted to how schools have changed. I dropped out because of of kentucky 2013, my mislaid expectations; the christian university prowler villanova, same ones that Rick Perlstein is nostalgic for.

I#8217;m going back to school because I#8217;ve realized what the hip hop, college experience is like today and I#8217;m now more than prepared to abuse it. Like nearly everyone in my graduating class, I attended higher education because that#8217;s what we did next. College seemed more like 13th grade rather than a place where I would be opened up to radical people and ways of thinking. I spent my freshman and college prowler villanova sophomore years doing what I needed to hip hop do to get good grades because that#8217;s all I had done since kindergarten. Texas Christian University Prowler Villanova. And even though I worked hard to earn a 3.7 GPA, I dropped out of New York University because of a complete lack of passion for what I was studying (journalism, via process of elimination). Travis Weinger , 21, is a senior majoring in history, with a concentration in war, revolution and social change.

His minor is political science. He is a founder of the Triton, a newspaper at 2013 UCSD, and of the Symposium, an on-campus discussion group. Rick Perlstein#8217;s article, boiled down, is simply an extended version of the bitching that every generation hears from the one that preceded it: #8220;Back when I went to school, we walked uphill in the snow both ways#8230;#8221; In sum, college mattered back when Mr. Perlstein went to it because that was when he went to it. Since college has changed from when he remembered it, he wants us to ohio university emergency clinic believe that it has somehow degenerated into irrelevance. The vast majority of Perlstein#8217;s complaints fit under the of kentucky hip hop 2013, above rubric. Christian University. Our college experience is not as liberating as his was (no longer can we simply phone public intellectuals and university of kentucky 2013 bully them into visiting our dorms). Our activists are not as radical as his were (we don#8217;t take over enough buildings). Schedule Summer. Our connection to the Sixties isn#8217;t as strong as his was (our band members aren#8217;t former revolutionaries).

We are not as alienated from society as he was (we engage our world, not whine about it). Perlstein#8217;s claim that his experience was in some way both richer and harder than the next generation#8217;s is an university of kentucky hip hop, old one, and is continuously echoed by every generation. Like most complaints of this type, it is largely groundless and mildly insulting. North State University. To respond to it bit by bit would validate his nostalgic whining to a degree it does not deserve. The Cultural Contradictions of American Universities. For the past twenty to thirty years, we have seen the university, great degradation of post-secondary education. Conventional wisdom suggests that the ohio emergency dental, problem lies simultaneously within the hands of the politicians and of kentucky hip hop 2013 the students. This narrative does not account for the history of college. Columbia Graduate Computer Science. Throughout the modern age, the role college played in the national debate was minimal. To this date, there has only been one president with a Ph.D., and both The New Deal and Truman#8217;s Fair Deal did relatively little for college and education in general (with the exception of the hip hop 2013, G.I. Bill).

And even today, most candidates on does ohio university superscore both sides of the isle have the same prescription for college: the of kentucky hip hop 2013, problem is lack of funding, therefore, the solution is to increase funding. It usually ends at that. In order to find the true crisis of college, we must first look at its true purpose. University Emergency Dental Clinic. A few months ago, Charles Murray wrote a controversial series of hip hop, columns in the Wall Street Journal arguing, not that college had been written out of the national debate, but that its role is too great. Essentially, too many people are going to college who did not need college, but instead needed vocational training. Georgetown Schedule Of Classes Summer 2013. There are serious problems with his logic to be sure, not the least of which is his obvious IQ-ism. While it is true that college is in 2013 need of some serious reforming, focusing solely on IQ will not solve them, for student health, IQ is not the only purpose of college.

For example, there are, what a professor of mine called, #8220;latent overtones.#8221; That is, those unexpected, and university of kentucky 2013 unintended consequences of college learning. For example, one might discover a great philosopher that he#8217;s never heard of, or another collegiate finds that they enjoy a field of study which they did not expect. But this is, of course, part of the intellectual journey of students. College exists not, as conventional wisdom suggests, to ohio university clinic change the culture. It exists to create a new breed of intellectuals. Of Kentucky. All politics aside, students should exit college not knowing simply what to think, but how to think. This is where Mr. Columbia. Murray and I agree.

He hits the nail on the head when he describes the of kentucky, purpose of college, that college is created to train the ohio university superscore, elites to of kentucky hip hop 2013 do their jobs. However, this purpose has been lost in a quagmire of watered-down curricula and state university student insurance fluff courses. And this brings us to the real problem of college: the searing anti-intellectualism of the university hip hop 2013, youth. Education is the single most important factor in the growth of our country. North Carolina State University. Specifically, higher education paves a future and provides opportunity for students that attend college and university of kentucky hip hop 2013 gives them a shot at a career.

50 years ago, college was strictly for the elite, high class Americans. Now, it seems that every common household has at superscore least one family member attend college. But with the increasing drop out rate today, students seem less interested in university of kentucky learning at university college prowler villanova college and their priorities change from hip hop, their original goal of graduating. The importance of texas, education today is a growing factor because the university of kentucky 2013, future of this country depends on the students in college today. College is misunderstood by university graduate science many incoming freshman. All of the university, television advertisements and billboards encouraging students to attend college are used as bait to carolina state university football reel in student#8217;s tuition. Parents encourage their kids to attend college after graduating high school because they want to see their kids have a shot at success.

However, college is not cut out for everyone. More freshman than ever are dropping out after their first year because college can be overwhelming through everything that takes place within campus boundaries. The pressures of college whether it#8217;s to impress parents or maintain a high GPA grasps hold of many students while they are in college, freezing them from work and attending class regularly. Back in the 50#8217;s and 60#8217;s when college was becoming so popular, people attended college solely to improve their education and learn through the college experience, in hopes of obtaining a career after graduation. Now, people attend college because their friends or girlfriend go there. Many people attend college just to university of kentucky hip hop 2013 party as much as possible.

College can be misleading for university admissions science, teenagers fresh out of high school, and people who feel that continuing their education isn#8217;t the most important factor in attending college should not apply. Of Kentucky Hip Hop. College matters because without a thoroughly educated society, America would fall to its knees and regress into deep depression. University Of Classes 2013. Jobs would flounder because the people applying for 2013, them wouldn#8217;t get accepted without college degrees. North Carolina Uniforms. Pat Brown expanded university development in hip hop California in 1966 to encourage people of every social class to attend college and gain a higher education. The reason for his rapid expansion was because the graduate admissions science, number of college students doubled from 1957 to 1967, and Brown decided in order to improve society and keep America running, more universities should be built to attract new students.

However, in 1997, only 54 percent of students that attended college as freshmen graduated with a degree six years later, 30 percent not even finishing their freshman year. Once students enroll in college, dropping out is the worst decision they can make. Hip Hop 2013. The opportunity cost of dropping can be detrimental to a student#8217;s financial standing. Dropping out also means dropping tuition, and students are often left with debt to graduate admissions computer pay off depending on which year they dropped out. Entering in a low paying job, drop outs must slowly pay back student loans, which is why college is hip hop 2013 so important to stick to and graduate once enrolled.

The likelihood of students being able to pay off student loans quickly after graduating is much greater than the likelihood of a drop out texas christian university prowler paying off loans. Drop outs sometimes will only make enough money per paycheck to pay off previous college debts, not leaving any left over cash for leisure activities. Once choosing the decision to attend college, remaining in college is the most important decision a student can make, in university order to avoid living a below average lifestyle. Young adults are fed by change. No matter how resistant or welcoming I am to health insurance change, when all is said and done change sustains me. Two years as an undergraduate student at Fordham University have been made slightly easier by knowing this about myself, because college means change. Even with the still shrinking cyber community and the #8216;real world#8217; opportunities offered to 2013 many young people today, nothing can replace the rush of schedule summer, change attached to the college experience.

College students are encouraged to make noise. When interviewed by university of kentucky 2013 Rick Perlstein for of classes 2013, an article entitled #8216;What#8217;s the Matter With College#8221; students were very vocal. Hamilton Morris, a New York bred college student, described a college experience where many students hate school #8220;with a passion#8221; and #8220;don#8217;t leave#8221;. Perlstein writes that Morris#8217;s feelings are proof of a #8220;culture of enervation#8221; which overwhelms many campuses today. Instead of seeing what Perlstein describes, students without hope or the will to pursue their studies, I see Morris as describing a culture of restlessness. Students who claim to hate college but still do not leave are experiencing a kind of restlessness which comes with the package. Students experience change so quicklychanges of passions, opinions and interests. They are bound to become restless, especially when the university of kentucky 2013, off-campus world is within arm#8217;s length.

I often smile to think the world is at texas christian university college villanova my fingertips when I am surfing the internet, but the truth is university hip hop my fingers are touching my keyboard, and I am planted in my kitchen chair drinking Diet Coke. Murray University Health Insurance. College offers me the opportunity to shake hands with the leaders of business, art, science and of kentucky 2013 medicinesomething the internet can not give me. Georgetown University Schedule Of Classes. College professors do not want students to be excited about university of kentucky 2013, school and theory alonethey want them to take their passion into the world beyond the campus. I am not writing this commentary for north football uniforms, my school newspaper. University Of Kentucky. I am writing it for New York Times Magazine, a publication Journalism majors like me aspire to work for. College urges me to murray state health aspire, to voice my opinions, and yes, to change.

The problem with colleges in the 21st century is hip hop convoluted with many deciding factors, resulting in columbia university graduate admissions computer science a more complex position for current college students to experience, unlike any previous generation of college students. In my opinion, being a college graduate student and one who has been involved in my school, I can honestly say that the biggest problem with our generation is the sense of nihilism, which is plaguing the our very core of our being. It is important to realize that this comes not only from college campuses, but the society in of kentucky general; people just don#8217;t care. If they do care and want to be involved, societal pressures, mostly economic, is what keeps them from being invoked with the spirit of the previous generations. There seems to be no sense of urgency when it comes to our generation. Nihilism will do that to everyone. I also find it interesting that the university graduate science, people who do want to be involved do not necessarily know what to get involved with. In the 60s, it seemed to be clear cut what the university of kentucky hip hop 2013, problem was; racism, sexism, or the war in Vietnam. A contrast between the 60s generation and texas christian prowler villanova us now is that people do not what the problems really are.

The mentality when speaking to college students; they seem to focus more on trying to get that 80K a year job then the university of kentucky hip hop, socio-political issues affecting us. It is evident that we value the dollar more so than we value the human struggle. So apathy also plays a role. It is important to realize that we must do something, otherwise everyone suffers. Texas College Prowler Villanova. Sending your child to college is not an option in American society, and it#8217;s hardly a privilege at that. In today#8217;s fierce and fast paced world it is a necessity For most parents, thought goes into how they will even fund such a venture within the university of kentucky 2013, first few months of the child#8217;s conception. College funds and murray health savings bonds, money from university of kentucky hip hop 2013, relatives and graduation parties, this all gets stored until an entire portion of that funding goes towards expensive college visits. Not only does the child want to georgetown university go to college, that child has picked out 10 in which there is an orientation at each for prospective parents. University Of Kentucky 2013. They want to see where their money is columbia university graduate science going, as well as where their child will sleep, learn, and become the successful adult they were meant to be. What is wrong with college?

As a successful student at a prominent Chicago school, I, for one, have plenty of opinions on the matter. Let#8217;s look at #8220;our war#8221; by first taking a retrospective glance at Vietnam. My father, a student at the time of Vietnam, was a conservative at a very conservative Indiana school. University. He still wore his GDI shirt most days of the week and talked highly of the camaraderie between fellow students. University College Prowler Villanova. There were protests that were actually allowed on his campus. When the students died in the Kent incident he remembers rallies against the war in their honor. He also remembers reading the names of the dead soldiers with the of kentucky, rest of his class, keeping in somber memory the fight his country was in. North State University Uniforms. Bands of students were scared, there was a draft in effect. Everyone had war on the mind and as those 18 year olds took on their first years of of kentucky hip hop 2013, college, they had a lot more to worry about than where the weekend#8217;s keg party was taking place. They were learning, growing, and forming opinions on the world they were entering by university schedule of classes summer knowing their current events and of kentucky 2013 being passionate about them. Of course, without the internet, their local papers brought them more world events and less Lindsay Lohan.

Being passionate about the world takes a certain naivety that forms when someone does not already have the opinions of others so easily accessible. The internet has taken so much of university clinic, this away from current students. University. In my experience, you only have to make a choice on which websites to read. Looking at our war today, many students walk away from it, choosing not even to recognize that it affects their daily world. There are many more cliques, many more places to falter, and ohio dental clinic many more reasons not to care. Hold a pen in of kentucky hip hop front of does, you and look at it; notice its size and color in particular. Now, slowly move it away until you have your arm fully extended. Notice anything different? Probably not, and that is how it should be. If we remember back to middle school science class, color is hip hop partially dependent upon the angle that light hits an object.

But we just moved an does ohio, object, causing the angle to change from our perspective, and of kentucky hip hop 2013 did not notice any change in color. The pen also moved further away without any apparent change in size. I forgot the intricate details that explain why this happens, something to do with a portion of the brain that keeps our perceptions fluid . Columbia University Graduate Computer Science. What I do remember, and university 2013 will never forget, is how cool this all seemed and how much more there is to the world when you get past the surface. College is a pretty different place today than it was for my parents thirty years ago. Emergency Dental. Then again, so were the two worlds in 2013 which we were raised. University Summer. Most kids in my generation were not raised in the Sandlot. We did not hang out at the malt shop after school. And we definitely did not attend any sock hops (or if we did, best believe we did not call them that). Instead, we started out playing on university 2013 jungle gyms with woodchips and protective rubber flooring underneath. Eventually, we found ourselves being chauffeured to organized baseball practice, in a minivan. University Football Uniforms. By high school, the importance of getting into a good college had been seared into us and serious attention had to be allocated toward after-school activities and other kinds of enriching events to make sure that we were #8220;well- rounded#8221;.

Here#8217;s a fun game that anyone my age can play: ask your parents what they got on their SATs. If they can, you win! Basically, it is like hitting the lottery, since your parents have to be like one out of a million. High school students in the 60#8217;s did not pay $1,000 for an SAT class and definitely did not go to any Independent College Consultants. Hip Hop 2013. As Mr.

Perlstein stated, college was seen as a place sort of apart from the rest of the state university health insurance, world. Kids went there and were met with new people, ideas, and situations. Of Kentucky Hip Hop. Back then, as I understand it, college was not seen as a stepping stone or a rung on the ladder. You did not go with the mindset that it was simply a means to end, a place to simply collect good grades and then experience the #8216;director#8217;s cut redux edition#8217; of college admissions in the form of graduate school, an state university football uniforms, internship or a job. Why College Matters: A Response to university of kentucky hip hop #8220;What#8217;s the Matter With College#8221; I suppose I should begin by saying that I don#8217;t go to a real college. I mean, I don#8217;t feel like I go to a real college. I don#8217;t take real classes. I don#8217;t live on a real campus. I#8217;m a music major and ohio emergency clinic attend the Peabody Institute in Baltimore, Maryland. Of Kentucky. Peabody is an established music conservatory, one of the schools of Johns Hopkins University (despite what I say about college villanova, it not being a #8220;real#8221; school).

In his essay, Perlstein is making it seem that today#8217;s college undergraduates and the ideals we pursue are somehow deficient. That we#8217;re missing out. He#8217;s especially concerned that we#8217;re nothing like the students of the 60s and 70s. He#8217;s right about that, but that is hip hop 2013 nothing to be ashamed of. We#8217;re students who want (or carry) the iPhone. We are environmental activists. We#8217;re more technologically savvy than Perlstein#8217;s generation. We get our information and communicate in a totally different way. We#8217;re amazing jugglers.

We#8217;re a new breed. It is interesting to columbia graduate admissions computer read that the defining issue for the 1966 California gubernatorial race was college. For my sake, and university of kentucky I#8217;m sure for the sake of a lot of texas college prowler, my peers, I wish it were still that way. College sounded romantic and university of kentucky fun. My friends argue that things have changed in the past 40 years, and that there are bigger fish to fry.

The war, for university graduate admissions computer, example. Making a living once college ends. When they start complaining, however, about classes and stress, I ask them, #8220;aren#8217;t there bigger fish to fry?#8221; at which they sigh outwardly, roll their eyes, and throw their hands up in the air. I understand where their frustration lies. We still feel young in the scheme of things, and not ready to plan out our lives after college. It feels like we#8217;ve been doing nothing but planning since freshman year of high school. Hip Hop 2013. Who has time to schedule worry anyway?

Right now, I am worrying if I have enough money to pay the hip hop, rent this month. Many of my classmates worry how to ohio university clinic pay for the next semester. To be honest, when it came to college, most of us never really had a choice. Where I grew up, in Greenwich, Connecticut, there was never the option of #8220;college vs. no college.#8221; The choice was #8220;Ivy League vs. state school,#8221; or something along those lines. The whole getting-ready-for-college experience was important. University Of Kentucky Hip Hop. As you thumb these pages, reader, loyal subscriber, conscious citizen with an north football uniforms, appetite for inquiry and thoughtfulness, or may I say fellow American, you tell yourself that you want to sample a young student#8217;s intellect. Certainly I do believe that my own college experience has been important, even critical, to my life and to my thoughts here and now, but young and impressionable does not necessarily partner with a tame, meaningful sense of of kentucky hip hop 2013, hindsight#8230; My college experience has fostered some growth.

But for state university uniforms, the nation? Lend me some relevance. Am I to accurately describe my confusion with you over coffee to tell you how this all breaks downI fit in the puzzle and I#8217;m one of the corners, right? Politics. Hip Hop. We don#8217;t have movements, and we don#8217;t have causes. A choice between higher education and higher purpose has been made; show me one text message, fellow student, that you have wanted the whole country to read.

Children live at north university uniforms school. Especially if they don#8217;t have much of of kentucky hip hop 2013, a home life to live in the afternoon or evening, kids live and learn at school. College isn#8217;t so different, only first graders aren#8217;t expected to shape up all by themselves when they appear to be wasting time. Oh, college students aren#8217;t either? Pity. State University Student Health. I guess higher education isn#8217;t all that important. Maybe the problems of of kentucky, higher education are just fronds atop a mirage of public schooling. Talk to Herbert Kohl, Jonathan Kozol, John Taylor Gatto, men who are trying to ohio superscore act wake this country up, and university of kentucky hip hop 2013 they#8217;ll show you what#8217;s happening to my younger brothers and sisters.

Content in the shade, college students loaf, while in more dangerous environs, under the pretext that they are to columbia admissions computer learn, children sit down in their desks each morning in the arms of a crumbling system. Of Kentucky Hip Hop. In college, we choose to sleep in, not to participate, excel, regress, etc. If higher education is important to the nation, why don#8217;t more people act like it? Better yet, if education is so important to the nation#8217;s future, why is it neglected? Important as it is, I feel proud to remember the words of christian, Thomas Jefferson, who often can remind us of politicians#8217; and citizens#8217; true responsibilities: #8220;It is highly interesting to our country, and it is the duty of university of kentucky, its functionaries, to provide that every citizen in it should receive an education proportioned to the condition and pursuits of his life.#8221; He speaks to the politician, tells him to take a good look at his fellow Americans. What sort of education will he provide to match the condition, the quality of life? If the quality be poor, will he stick to columbia university admissions computer poor schooling until lifestyles rise to university the occasion? Try downtown Anywhere, where elementary schools have been forced to remove social studies and arts in favor of apparently year-round test preparation, for columbia university admissions computer, standards in English and mathematics. The #8220;need to know#8221; world and the world of standardization are one in university the same, and columns of admissions, darkened bubbles are in no short supply, though there#8217;s still a need to live.

The Problem with College: Why We No Longer See Ourselves As #8220;Part of#8221; a Community. Of Kentucky 2013. One anomaly of American society is that our universities play only a marginal role in our culture. In other nations, like France where intellectual life is ohio university dental clinic not centered on their institutions of education, this may come as no surprise, but the university hip hop 2013, virtues of American universities are indisputable. Academics wonder why they are allowed to be the nation#8217;s intellectual leaders, but not its leaders, or even advisors, in the political or ethical arenas. Some are resentful of the mainstream society, thinking it apostate, as though they were priests of some outworn creed, but this alienation, which has developed in university summer tandem with the evolution of academia, did not come because the society rejected the university as a social or moral authority, but rather because the university ran out of the energy it took to function in this role. University Of Kentucky. This occurred, at least partially, because those of us in college found that the values we shared were not strong enough to unite us. From the university college, time of hip hop, Plato, the purpose of the university has not been to represent the society or culture in which it exists but to pursue truth. Most academics, who may disagree on what truth is in ohio university dental clinic essence, would agree that it is of kentucky 2013 a noble and worthy objective.

And, since truth is their goal, many of them think themselves justified in being alienated from mainstream society. This does not mean their views are homogenous; I can testify that, at university the University of Idaho (to name one example), the politics of professors in the College of Business are not shared by the English instructors; but what the two departments have in of kentucky hip hop 2013 common is their distance from America#8217;s political center. Texas Christian Prowler. This is largely because specialists in of kentucky hip hop 2013 any field, whether that field is philosophy or political science, tend to feel invalidated if anyone could reach the same conclusions that they do. It is a telling fact that, at north state least until recent years, there was a higher percentage of of kentucky hip hop, self-described Marxist literary critics than blue-color workers. Nonetheless, this desire for academic innovation benefits the university in that it makes professors#8217; research original; it is for ohio university, this reason that, whenever universities are rated according to prestige, the United States constantly is found to have the greatest number of prestigious institutions.

Even so, there is another facet to a professor#8217;s job, teaching. This requirement creates a dilemma for many professors: their strenuous educations and meticulous research has caused many of them to become opinionated, but, at the same time, they need to keep their students pacified while educating them in accordance with principles which the students may not share. University 2013. Thus, they (and the north carolina state university, students) learn that it is easier to ignore worldview-related issues. In searching for the least common ethical denominator among the group, the instructors and the instructed clandestinely agree that the values which they hold as specific to their Weltanschauungs do not apply to everyone, and, if they do, the value of placidity applies even more. As Allan Bloom wrote in 1987, #8220;[A]lmost every student entering the university . . . says he believes . . . that truth is relative#8221; (1). While this outlook may work in of kentucky as far as it prevents conflicts, it is an ineffective communal bond. This is because the values of the classroom are provisional andmost students cannot help but feelartificial. They haven#8217;t the power to university student health unite the students and faculty in a community, which requires common interests and mores.

In July, The Magazine published What's the Matter With College, an essay by the historian Rick Perlstein, online and invited college students across the United States to respond. Of Kentucky Hip Hop. Some 600 undergraduates did -- many agreeing with Perlstein's assertion that college as America used to understand it is coming to emergency an end, many dismissing his argument as so much nostalgic pap, still others taking the occasion to critique higher education from an insider's perch. To continue the of kentucky hip hop 2013, conversation, we're featuring the university admissions computer, winning student essay and four runners-up, and of kentucky hip hop posting another 450 of the entries in a searchable format. (The other entries were withdrawn by their authors or did not follow the contest's rules.)

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moscow essay INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF. RUSSIAN STUDIE S. RIVALRY BETWEEN MOSCOW AND ST PETERSBURG – THE CONTRASTING IDEOLOGIES OF CONSERVATISM AND WESTERNISM IN RUSSIA EMBODIED IN THE TWO CAPITALS. This paper argues that the two capitals of Russia, namely Moscow and St Petersburg, have each played a unique and hip hop defining role in the birth and development of the ideologies of Westernisation and conservatism in georgetown schedule 2013, Russia. With their distinctive characters and ways of life, the two cities have constituted two poles in Russian political history as well as literature and art. This paper tries to give the reader a brief picture of both cities from an architectural, cultural, historical and above all political and ideological perspective. Thus, in of kentucky, an attempt to murray state university health insurance, explore the different roles the two cities have played in Russian political history, the university hip hop, paper takes a brief look at the history and dynamics that shaped the distinctive ideologies of the two capitals.

Finally, the paper tries to make a clear identification and comparison of the character and columbia university roles of the two capitals in Russian political life and history. Key Words: Moscow, St Petersburg, Autocracy, Conservatism, Moscow-Third Rome, Petrine Revolution, Westernisation, Slavophilism. There is no doubt that Moscow and St Petersburg are among the most popular tourist destinations in university of kentucky hip hop, the world today. The two capitals of Russia, with their outstanding beauty and rich history, attract millions of tourists every year from murray state student, all over the world. No place better represents Russia than Red Square (Krasnaya Ploshchad). Its name comes from the word “krasnyi”, which once meant “beautiful”, and has only come to mean “red” in the contemporary Russian language. The name became official in the middle of the 17th century; previously it had been Trinity Square. [1]

Trinity Cathedral, which is often known as the predecessor of St Basil’s, gave its name to the square. It was also known as “Fire Square”, due to the number of fires that swept away “medieval Moscow”. There is also a myth that it was named “red” because of the bloody executions that were publicly held in the square. Whatever its name means, one can witness thousands of university of kentucky 2013 years of history walking the brick road of this plaza, which was long used by the Kremlin for celebrations and especially military parades. The “Teatralnaya Ploshchad”, or Theater Square, which is located near Red Square, hosts the world-famous “Bolshoi Theater” and t he lesser known “ Maly Theater”. Walking south-west, you reach “Okhotny Ryad” to ohio emergency clinic, “Manezhnaya Ploshchad”, or Manezh Square.

The square centres on the statue of Marshall Zhukov, the heroic commander of the Red Army in the Second World War. The former Central Lenin Museum [2] provides the background. Entering Red Square through the of kentucky 2013, Resurrection Gate, you see Kazan Cathedral on your left . The amazing State History Museum is university summer 2013, located at the north end of the square. The enormous, elaborate facade occupying the east side of the square is the State Department Store, better known as GUM. The mighty towers of the Kremlin dominate the west side of the square. Lenin’s Mausoleum, which is located near the centre of the Square, is still open for visitors.

At the far end of 2013 Red Square, the colourful confusion of onion domes and tent peaks is the Cathedral of St Basil the Blessed , the 16th-century church that is probably Moscow’s most recognisable sight. The original name of the church is the Intercession of the Virgin Cathedral, named for the feast day on which the army of Ivan IV the university schedule summer, Terrible captured the city of Kazan in 1552. One chapel was built over of kentucky hip hop 2013, the grave of Vasily (Basil) the murray student, Blessed, whose name has stuck for the whole church. From here you can continue strolling south to the Moscow River for fabulous views of the university of kentucky 2013, gold domes of the Kremlin churches rising up over the red brick walls. The so-called Seven Sisters are perhaps the most recognisable contributions of the Stalinist period to columbia university graduate admissions, the city.

Seven massive skyscrapers scattered throughout the city at about an equal distance from the Kremlin still echo the university 2013, Communist past of Russia. St Petersburg, the undisputed cultural capital of Russia, is often referred to as the “Venice of the North” with its beautiful canals, bridges and architecture. The city was intentionally planned and built by Peter the Great (1672-1725) as the window of Russia to the West. Since its foundation, St Petersburg pioneered the idea of “Westernisation” and became a fortress of its supporters. The location of the new capital — where the Neva River meets the Baltic Sea — also symbolised the liberation of Russia from university emergency clinic, its obsolete traditions and revealed the process of the “Russian awakening”.

St Petersburg was created not only by architects, but by poets. Of Kentucky 2013! Russia’s new capital [3] became an inspiration for the works of the greatest poets of Russia, from Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin to Marina Tsvetaeva. Russia’s greatest poet, Pushkin, drew a marvellous image of this beautiful city in ohio university emergency clinic, his famous narrative poem “ - The Bronze Horseman” (1833): , , , [4] I love you, work of Peter, I love your sober and harmonious outlook. Pushkin’s poem further describes how Peter the Great decided to “cut a window on Europe”. . [5]

Here nature instructs us, To cut a window on Europe. Today, St Petersburg still remains Russia’s “window to the West”. It is a common observation that far more English is spoken here than in Moscow, and St Petersburgers have a more welcoming attitude towards tourists. St Petersburg is often considered compact and calm compared to university of kentucky hip hop, urban and noisy Moscow. The Nevsky Prospekt features the best architecture of the carolina university, city.

Standing on the Troitsky Bridge, one can see a great panoramic view of the city, where reflections of the palaces and main buildings shimmer on the Neva River. On the other side of the hip hop 2013, Neva is located the Peter and Paul Fortress, which was built to defend the murray health insurance, city and was later used as a prison. The magnificent spire of the Peter and Paul Cathedral with its winged angel blessing the hip hop, city constitutes a great composition with the summer, fortress and the Neva River. Along the left bank of the university hip hop 2013, Neva there is a line of palaces culminating in the royal Romanov Winter Palace, which is currently home to the world-famous Hermitage Museum. Superscore! The museum not only offers the most famous masterpieces of painters such as Rembrandt, da Vinci and Matisse, but also displays magnificent ballrooms and throne rooms, reminders of the days of imperial life. The museum offers such a grand collection of paintings that if a visitor stops in front of every exhibit for at least 30 seconds, a tour of the entire collection would take more than seven years (given an eight-hour viewing day). The beautiful Palace Square in front of the of kentucky, Hermitage features the Alexander Column. It was near the Senate building where the rebel Decembrists faced the firing squads of the Emperor in 1825.

At night, St Isaac’s Cathedral and the Senate building offer a magnificent view in the beams of projectors. The famous monument of Peter the Great, “the Bronze Horseman”, stands as a symbol of the city, reminding its viewers of Pushkin’s unforgettable poem. If you take a walk near the university graduate science, Neva at dawn, you will see the 13 beautiful drawbridges of university of kentucky Petersburg lifting up their hands to columbia university, the heavens while beneath them slide vessels. Crossing the Moika Canal one can reach the Yusupov Palace, where Grigory Rasputin was murdered. The bridge across the Griboyedov Canal offers a perfect view of Kazan Cathedral, which reminds visitors of a small-scaled version of St Peter’s Basilica in Rome. One of the most beautiful cathedrals of Saint Petersburg, the Saviour-on-the-Blood, was erected on the spot where Russian Emperor Alexander II was murdered on 1 March 1881. Petrodvorets (Peter’s Palace), t he Anichkov Bridge across the Fontanka Canal with Pytor Klodt’s four famous sculptures — wild horses with their tamers — adorning its four corners, the Mariinsky Theatre, Vasilievsky Island, the Old St Petersburg Stock Exchange between the university of kentucky, Rostral Columns, Mikhailov Gardens, and the classical Russian Museum are only some of the countless beauties that “the city of white nights” offers. This bright and lively Petersburg gives a completely different picture than Fyodor Dostoevsky’s image of Petersburg. In his masterpiece Crime and Punishment , Dostoevsky describes the city from the eyes of the hero of schedule summer his novel, Raskolnikov.

Dostoevsky’s Petersburg is a terrible, cold, merciless and suffocating city where lonely souls are lost inside the crowds. It is a city that kills the good inside and liberates evil from its chains. Dostoevsky’s criticism of Petersburg is not the university of kentucky hip hop, sole example in Russian literature and political thought. The rivalry between the two capitals of of classes 2013 Russia, Moscow and Petersburg, has often been materialised in the works of famous writers. Gogol was perhaps the foremost among them.

Being the poles of the longstanding dispute between Slavophilism and Westernism, the two cities’ contrasting personalities have been apparent in their social composition, cultural outlook and even architectural styles. University Hip Hop! This great difference of atmosphere between the two cities is easily sensed by visitors. The two capitals, each playing its own role in Russian history and political thought, demonstrate the two different faces of Russia. In an attempt to texas christian prowler, identify the differences of character between the of kentucky 2013, two cities, this paper will examine the reasons for the division of roles of the two capitals of Russia. The Birth of Moscow. Archaeological evidence indicates that the territory that is graduate science, now Moscow has been occupied since the Neolithic epoch. The oldest settlements, dated at three thousand years before our era, were discovered within the area of the present-day city. In the 8th and 9th centuries Slavic tribes started to occupy areas near the Moskva River. These were the tribes of the Kryvichi and Vjatichi, who are regarded as the kernel of the future Moscow population. The first reference to “the village of Moscow” was made in an old Russian manuscript of 1147. In 1156, Prince Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgoruky erected timber walls on the present-day site of the Kremlin . University Hip Hop 2013! He is regarded as the founder of the christian university prowler, city of Moscow. [6] His monument, which is located near Tverskaya Street, is hip hop 2013, among the student health, city’s most visited touristic attractions.

Surrounding forest belt provided the city a limited degree of of kentucky 2013 protection from the invaders. Its unique location adjacent to several rivers also helped it to become a trade centre. Texas! From the 10th to the 13th centuries, Kievan Rus’ [7] (Russia of Kiev) was the dominant figure of the Russian land, and it was well-integrated into of kentucky hip hop, the medieval economic system. State Football! The Tartar (or Tatar) invasion, which resumed in 1237 and of kentucky hip hop lasted more than 250 years, tore Russia away from the West. The invasion, facilitated by does act the breakup of Kievan Rus ’, was followed by the division of the East Slavic people into three separate nations: modern day Russia , Ukraine and university of kentucky 2013 Belarus . Despite having devastating consequences for Kievan Rus’, the university emergency dental, Tartar rule played an important role in the rise of Moscow and subsequently the Russian Empire . Moscow became the seat of the grand dukes of Vladimir-Suzdal (1271), who later assumed the title of grand dukes of Moscow. By 1325, Moscow’s princes obtained the sole right to rule over university hip hop 2013, the Russian territories and collect tribute for the Golden Horde . During the rule of Dmitri Donskoi , the first stone walls of the Kremlin were built (1367). With its location at the crossroads of trade routes and its leadership in the struggle against the Tatar rule, “ Muscovy” gradually achieved dominance over the neighbouring principalities. The head of the Russian Orthodox Church relocated to Moscow in the 14th century in recognition of the city’s growing authority.

The Prince of Moscow, Ivan III, rolled back the Tatar invaders , following which the city became the capital of the expanding Muscovite state. By the 15th century Moscow became the capital of the Russian national state, and in 1547 Grand Duke Ivan IV became the texas university, first to assume the university hip hop, title of Tsar. The Moscow Kremlin, which was built in the beginning of the 15th century, is a benchmark of that epoch. During the period of expansion, the young state was thrown into chaos when Ivan IV passed away without leaving an heir. In the ensuing power struggle, the texas university, country was invaded by university several foreign armies before the Russian people were able once again to gain control of Moscow and elect a new Tsar, marking the beginning of the Romanov dynasty (1613–1917). During the reign of Peter the north university uniforms, Great, there was strong progress in the arts and sciences in Moscow, and in Russia as a whole. In 1703 the first printed newspaper appeared ( Vedomosti ), and in 1755 Moscow University was opened. University! The large-scale growth of manufacturing in Moscow during the 17th century, which necessitated an outlet to the sea, was instrumental in Peter’s decision to build St Petersburg on the Baltic. The capital was transferred to St Petersburg in 1712, but Moscow’s cultural and social life continued uninterrupted and carolina state university football uniforms the city remained Russia’s religious centre. Following the Battle of Borodino in August of 1812, Moscow was left to university 2013, Napoleon’s troops. [8] However, before the arrival of the French in the city, it was burnt by state insurance the Moscovites [9] almost entirely.

Fires and hunger forced the French army to leave Moscow. [10] After the liberation of the city, a commission was authorised for the reconstruction of Moscow. The present-day appearance of the Moscow city centre is rooted in those times. Thus, the Alexandrov Garden and Theatre Square appeared with the of kentucky 2013, Bolshoi and Maly theatres, as well as the buildings of Manezh and the First Gradskaya hospital. Towards the end of the 19th century it became the second industrial centre in Russia (after St Petersburg), partially due to the rapid growth of railway communication. The first telegraph line was constructed in 1852, connecting the two Russian capitals. The first telephone lines were organised between Moscow and murray state university Petersburg in the late 1890s. The 19th century is considered as the golden age for arts and science, and Moscow was the intellectual birthplace of many famous Russian artists, writers like Pushkin, Gogol’, Tolstoi, Chekhov and Herzen. The 19th century also marked the of kentucky, development of the Slavophile movement, whose “holy” centre was Moscow. The process of rapid industrialisation and columbia university graduate the formation of the labour class helped the communistic ideas of Karl Marx to spread among the working classes and intelligentsia in Moscow.

The Krasnaya Presnya rebellion of 1905 and the July strikes of 1914 were the important milestones in of kentucky 2013, the revolutionary process, which was finalised by the “Great October” Revolution of 1917. In 1918 the state university health insurance, Soviet government, headed by V. Lenin, transferred the capital back to Moscow and fostered spectacular economic growth in the city. The Soviet Union was announced on of kentucky 2013 30 December 1922 by the All-Russia Communist Party of schedule summer 2013 Bolsheviks (VKPB) with Moscow as its capital. During World War II, Moscow was the goal of the German offensive. The German troops were stopped only 35–40 kilometres (near today’s Sheremetyevo Airport) from the city’s centre. Moscow’s architecture changed drastically with the construction of Soviet-style blocs to answer the increasing need for housing. The most active construction process took place during the rule of university hip hop 2013 Nikita Khrushchev in college prowler, the 1960s. These small-sized flats, which are often referred to hip hop 2013, as “Xrushovki” in the Russian language, were constructed quickly to meet the urgent demand and are, therefore, far from being beautiful or diverse. Due to murray student health insurance, inadequate public funds, Moscow’s infrastructure suffered after the 1991 demise of the Soviet Union.

In the late 1990s many ambitious reconstruction projects were launched and Moscow experienced a real-estate boom. Today, with its gigantic size, huge population and unbearable traffic jams, Moscow is considered one of the most expensive metropolises of the world. Muscovite Russia – The Centre of Autocracy and Absolutism. The political evolution of Russia has occurred in an opposite direction compared to that of the West due to geographic, political and cultural reasons. After the conquest of Siberia, the borders of university Russia were extended vastly, covering an state university football, immense territory and making her the hip hop 2013, largest kingdom on earth in the 17th century. This vast territory was exposed to the threat of Mongol and Turkic tribes. These conditions created a suitable environment for the development and schedule 2013 justification of the concept of “ autocracy” in Russia. This feeling of insecurity led in Muscovite Russia to the development of a “military dictatorship”. The entire Russian nation consisted of serfs: the development of a privileged aristocracy and a class of self-governing burghers was impeded.

The absence of private property led to the complete concentration of power in the hands of of kentucky Russia’s rulers. Until the christian university prowler villanova, 19th century, Muscovite Russian cities were mainly made up of university of kentucky rural populations engaged in agriculture and georgetown schedule of classes 2013 lacking powers of self-government. The consequence of these conditions in medieval Russia was the absence of an independent nobility and private property. Thus, the lack of these two key institutions, which served to limit the powers of kings in the West, helped the Russian rulers to consolidate their absolute power. Another contributing factor to the rise of an extreme form of autocracy was the Orthodox religion. University Hip Hop! Byzantine dogma held politics to be the of classes 2013, responsibility of the rulers and this helped the emergence in Russia of a form of monarchy that, in its powers, exceeded anything known in the West even in the age of absolutism. European travellers to Muscovy perceived its rulers as possessing unlimited authority and disregarding private property rights.

The Russian monarchy emerged as a sovereign power in the second half of the of kentucky 2013, 15th century. Until then, Russian rulers had been vassals of both Byzantium and of the university, Mongol-Tartar Golden Horde. The capture of Constantinople by university 2013 the Turks in 1453 ended Russia’s dependence on the Byzantine Empire. Shortly afterward, the Golden Horde fell apart. As a result, by georgetown schedule of classes summer 1480, in the reign of Ivan III, the rulers of Muscovy could claim, at first cautiously and then boldly, the title of “samoderzhets”, a translation of the Greek “autokrates”, which meant sovereign: that is, a ruler dependent of any external power. The term “Tsar”, an adaptation of Caesar, now also began to university of kentucky hip hop 2013, gain currency: it was formally adopted in state university football, 1547. University Hip Hop! [11] During the century that followed, the rulers of Muscovy came to claim imperial prerogatives on the grounds that they were the world’s only Orthodox sovereigns and, as such, the world’s only true Christian rulers. However, from the 1470s onward, Russia’s rulers were also addressed by another term, one which survived until 1917: “gosudar”, commonly translated as “sovereign”.

This terminology provides a clue to georgetown university schedule 2013, the patrimonial nature of of kentucky 2013 emergent Russian absolutism. Once they had shaken off Mongol domination, the rulers of Moscow suddenly became sovereigns. They considered their realm as patrimonial property, property inherited from their fathers, for which Russians used the ohio emergency clinic, term “votchina”. Thus, it comes as no surprise that both Ivan III (1440–1505) and his son Basil III (1479–1533), like Ivan I before them, continued to refer to Muscovy as their “patrimony” (votchina). [12] During the reigns of Ivan III, Basil III and Ivan IV, neither privileged status nor private property were tolerated. Thus, the kind of aristocracy seen in Western Europe could not be created. The Boyar Duma (1547-1711), often referred to as “the boyars”, was a royal council. Its officials were invited by the Tsar.

The Duma was not able to take the initiative to convene and it dealt only with matters that were submitted by the Tsar himself. In sum, the Duma was unable to limit the authority of the Tsars. The “Zemskie sobory”, or Land Assemblies, which are considered to have been founded in 1549 or 1550, were also unable to restrain the Muscovite rulers. The majority of their deputies were government officials appointed by university hip hop the crown. Their sole purpose was to strengthen the government’s control over the provinces. Thus, the Assemblies never became politically influential institutions like their European counterparts. In this patrimonial state, the monarchs were free to legislate and were confronted by neither private property nor established social estates, which, by their existence, set limits to state university health insurance, authority. The Birth of the Conservative Ideology: Muscovy – The Third Rome. In the 330s, Emperor Constantine deserted the university of kentucky, Tiber for university graduate admissions, the Bosphorus and built there a “New Rome”, which became the university of kentucky hip hop, centre of the seven ecumenical councils and the home of the Orthodox emperors and patriarchs. [13] In line with the decision of the Council of murray university student health insurance Constantinople held in 381, the Byzantines themselves actually regarded their state as the “New Rome”.

For over a thousand years, the “New Rome” dedicated itself to the duty of preserving three great heritages: the university hip hop, classical Greek, imperial Rome and the church fathers. During that time the empire and state university uniforms the church became so inextricably interrelated that the clergy could not imagine Christianity without the emperor. A corollary of this was the concept that the empire must endure as long as Christianity itself. [14] In search of Western military assistance against the Ottoman threat, Byzantium agreed at the Council of Florence-Ferrara in 1439 to rejoin the Catholic Church. Thus, the primacy of the Pope was acknowledged and all doctrinal issues dividing the university, two churches were conceded by the Byzantium. This accord was denied and does ohio university superscore act considered as a betrayal of faith by the Russian Orthodox Church. According to Orthodox theology, there could be no Christian church without a secular power to protect it and enforce its teachings; there had to be a “Third Rome” with its own emperor. When Constantinople was conquered in 1453 by the Ottomans, Russia remained the only rightful claimant to of kentucky hip hop, the status of Third Rome. [15] This notion, in turn, led to christian university college villanova, the development of the university of kentucky 2013, theory of Moscow - The Third Rome formulated apparently sometime in the 1530s by columbia university computer the monk Filofei (Philotheus). Of Kentucky Hip Hop! [16] Filofei articulated his theory in one terse sentence: “Dva Rima padosha, a tretii stoit, a chetvertom ne byti”: “Two Romes have fallen, the third stands, and a fourth there will not be.” [17] Implicit in that statement was the belief that Russia was destined to rule the does, world and university of kentucky 2013 that the Russian Tsar was the ruler of all humanity.

The responsibility of preserving the university college prowler villanova, world’s cultural heritage was now on the shoulders of Muscovy. Even in the 19th century, this religious mission remained one of the main springs of Pan-Slavist thinking. With the university hip hop 2013, preparation of The Book of Degrees of the Royal Genealogy ( Stepennaia kniga ) by Metropolitan Macarius [18] in villanova, 1560–1563, Ivan IV was presented as the legitimate heir of the Roman and Byzantine emperors. Of Kentucky! With the support of the Church, the Russian rulers were now endowed with unrestrained power and the Church itself came under the texas christian university college prowler, full authority and control of the Tsars. The rulers of Moscow appointed the highest of dignitaries and removed them at will. This voluntary subordination of the Russian Church to the state led to the bureaucratisation of the hip hop, clergy and spared Russia the kind of struggle between the ecclesiastical and secular authorities that had afflicted Catholic Europe through much of the Middle Ages. Uniforms! The highly bureaucratised Russian Church also became hostile to of kentucky hip hop, all independent religious thought and condemned all sorts of independent thinking.

Thus, at the beginning of her new autonomous existence, Muscovy was given a sharp thrust towards conservatism and graduate admissions computer science an admonition to watch warily against university perverting influences from the outside, especially from Western Europe. [19] St Petersburg – Russia’s Window to Europe. The name of St Petersburg has been changed three times in history due to the changing political climate in north carolina football, Russia. However, the city is still called simply “Peter” by its residents. Petersburg did not grow up like other towns. Neither commerce nor geopolitics can account for its development. Rather, it was built as a work of art. Petersburg was conceived as a composition of natural elements – water, stone and sky. Amsterdam and university of kentucky Venice were early inspirations for state university insurance, the layout of the palace-lined canals and embankments. Peter the Great was eclectic in his architectural tastes and borrowed what he liked from Europe’s capitals.

The austere classical baroque style of Petersburg’s churches, which set them apart from university hip hop 2013, Moscow’s brightly coloured onion domes, was a mixture of St Paul’s cathedral in London, St Peter’s in Rome and the single-spired churches of Riga, in what is now Latvia. [20] Important capitals of Europe like London, Paris or Vienna were built over several centuries with the admissions computer, accumulation of a great heritage, tradition and culture, reflecting different styles of diverse periods. However, Petersburg was completed within only fifty years and university of kentucky according to one single set of university emergency dental principles. According to university hip hop, Orlando Figes, St Petersburg was more than a city. Ohio Dental! It was a vast, almost utopian, project of cultural engineering to reconstruct the Russian as a European man. [21] For Dostoyevsky, it was the university of kentucky, “most abstract and intentional city in the whole round world”. [22] In fact, every detail of the state football uniforms, city was intentionally designed for the refusal of “medieval Muscovy” and to of kentucky, compel the Russians to adopt a more European way of life. As Peter conceived it, to become a citizen of Petersburg was to leave behind the “dark” and “backward” customs of the Russian past in georgetown of classes 2013, Moscow and to enter, as a European Russian, the modern Western world of university of kentucky hip hop progress and north carolina university uniforms enlightenment. [23] Laying the basis of a modern European state, Peter did not forget the noble class. By establishing a Table of Ranks, which ordered the university, nobles hierarchically according to their offices, he turned all nobles into servants of the Crown. He also allowed commoners to be given noble status for their service to the state. Thus, Peter’s new aristocracy was defined entirely by its position in ohio clinic, the civil and military service, and rights and privileges were set accordingly.

The obsessive regulations introduced by Peter and of kentucky the “obligatory imitation” of the European way of life gave St Petersburg the image of a hostile and oppressive place. Criticism of St Petersburg as a threat to the Russian way of life started to play a central role in Russian literature. This criticism was above all seen in state, Gogol’s novels. Gogol’s Petersburg was a cold and cruel city with lonely, haunted figures. [24] In Dostoevsky’s novel Crime and Punishment (1866), it was the home of criminals and murderers like Raskolnikov. [25] The northern capital was an insular world teeming with ambition, where politics, culture and social life were inseparable and a careless remark could make or break a career. The city was, as Peter had intended, Russia’s “window to Europe”. Diplomats and emigres played important roles in the society. Ethnic non-Russians filled the upper reaches of government; there were also European tutors and governesses, foreign-language newspapers, Catholic and university of kentucky Protestant churches and foreign scholars in christian university prowler, the Imperial Academy of Sciences; finally, many foreign merchants and well-travelled Russian naval officers lived in the empire’s largest port city. Its location, its European architecture and its Germanic name further strengthened its identity as a bridge between Russia and Europe. [26] Looking from the architectural perspective, St Petersburg’s characteristic was a perfect synthesis of the Italian and Russian baroque styles. University Of Kentucky! The harmonious network of avenues, squares, canals and parks, which were mostly planned and built by Italian architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli, gave an north carolina state university football, architectural unity to of kentucky, the city.

Water, through the perfectly designed canals and the Neva River, added lightness to the heavy baroque style and movement to the buildings set along its edge. Ohio University Dental Clinic! While the golden spire of the Admiralty became the topographical centre of the city, Falconet’s equestrian statute of Peter the Great, The Bronze Horseman, became the “new emblem” of Russia’s destiny. Rivalry between Moscow and St Petersburg: A Comparison of the Distinct. Characters of the Two Cities. A) Architectural Distinctions. As St Petersburg was intentionally built for the sole purpose of university forcing the Russians to adopt the European way of life, its architecture also resembled an adoption of the Western cities. Its style was dictated by European fashion, whereas Moscow had a distinct rural atmosphere. Insurance! Following the construction of university of kentucky St Petersburg, the population of computer science Moscow fell drastically.

It had been reduced to a provincial capital and maintained that image until the middle of the 19th century. According to the Empress Catherine, Moscow was a symbol of fanaticism while St Petersburg symbolised progress and civilisation. When in the early 1770s a part of Moscow had to be burned due to the Black Death, which swept through the city, Catherine saw an opportunity to reconstruct Moscow in the European style. However, this grand project could not be realised due to financial insufficiencies. When the flames of the big fire of 1812 swallowed the city, a large construction process started. This was another chance to rebuild the city in a European style following the example of St Petersburg. Yet during this grand reconstruction process, the planners of the city did not try to imitate Western cities. They rather successfully mixed the university of kentucky hip hop, European design with the distinctive Russian style. Moscow’s architectural character was defined largely by the Russian provinces.

Being located on villanova the crossroads of Europe and the Asiatic steppe, it had absorbed these diverse influences and university of kentucky 2013 created its own distinctive style. The streets of Moscow reflected a mixture of oriental customs, colours and motifs. The poet Konstantin Batiushkov saw the city as a “bizarre mix” of East and West. In the image of Moscow one could still make out the influence of ohio university superscore act Genghiz Khan. Of Kentucky 2013! Moscow’s semi-oriental nature was given full expression in the so-called neo-Byzantine style of architecture that dominated its reconstruction in the 1830s and ohio university superscore act 1840s. The architecture mixed elements of the neo-Gothic and medieval Russian styles with Byzantine and classical motifs. [27] The city also imposed its style on its provinces. Many provinces, Kazan being the most remarkable example, adopted the university of kentucky hip hop 2013, architecture of murray state university health insurance Moscow as a model. Moscow’s role as the cultural capital of the Russian provinces was thus confirmed.

B) Europeanisation versus Isolation. In an attempt to achieve his ambitious goal to create a continental military power and a European Russia, Peter the Great travelled to European cities. Hiding his identity, he worked as an ordinary shipbuilder in Holland to of kentucky 2013, learn new maritime technologies. Following his return, he started an enforced adaptation process of European models of navy, military schools, law and Table of Ranks (civil service), which he believed to be necessary for Russia to become a modern European state. Pioneering the Westernisation process, Peter dressed in Western clothes, shaved his beard and did not strictly follow the religious duties of the Orthodox Church. Ohio University Dental! He hated everything that Moscow symbolised: archaic culture, superstition, religious fanaticism and resentment of the West. The Petrine Revolution [28] in Russian culture and politics created a contrast between Moscow and St Petersburg. While St Petersburg symbolised everything about Westernisation, Moscow was the symbol of the historical and cultural isolation of Russia from Europe.

The Renaissance and the Reformation, which swept the whole of Europe, did not have any influence on Muscovy. It took no part in maritime discoveries or the of kentucky hip hop 2013, scientific revolutions of the early modern era. University Emergency Dental! It had no great cities in the European sense, no universities or public schools apart from of kentucky hip hop 2013, monastery academies and no real middle class. The projection of Russia into Europe has always been the “raison d’etre” of St Petersburg. It was not simply Peter’s “window on Europe” – as Pushkin once described the ohio emergency dental, capital – but an of kentucky hip hop, open doorway through which Europe entered Russia and the Russians made their entry into the world. [29]

C) Contrasting Ideologies. Russia’s cultural turn away from ohio dental, Europe accelerated during the reign of Nicholas I. [30] The Tsar and his ideologists felt sympathy towards the Slavophile doctrine that associated Russia with the eastern traditions of Byzantium. This departure of Russia from the European tradition led to the re-emergence of Moscow as the of kentucky hip hop 2013, “genuine capital” of Russia. This conscious rejection of Europeanisation and return to the ancient native traditions was soon mythologised as a national renaissance. The ideological confrontation between the Westernisers and the Slavophiles laid the basis of the opposition between Moscow and St Petersburg. For the Westernisers, Petersburg was the symbol of their Europe-oriented ideas for Russia. The Slavophiles, however, idealised Moscow, whose way of life was more provincial and was closer to the habits of the Russian people. For them, the customs and traditions of the old Rus’ were embodied in ohio university, Moscow, reflecting the real Russian character. D) The Role of Religion.

Muscovy was the religious centre of Russia while St Petersburg symbolised a modern secular European state. Reflecting the spiritual traditions of the university of kentucky hip hop 2013, Eastern Church back to university graduate admissions computer, Byzantium, Moscow resembled the university 2013, medieval culture of central Europe. The dominance of the church impeded all sorts of north carolina state university uniforms secular movements that had taken shape in Europe with the Renaissance and Reformation. University Of Kentucky 2013! The focal point of the Russian Orthodox Church was the carolina, icons, and it was hostile to the development of other forms of art like literature, painting, sculpture or instrumental music. St Basil’s of Red Square symbolised the university hip hop, triumphant restoration of the Orthodox traditions of murray state Byzantium and set in stone the imperial mission of 2013 Moscow as the capital of the religious crusade that was set out in the doctrine of Moscow as the Third Rome. Murray State Student Health! The double-headed eagle of the Byzantine emperors, which is currently the symbol of Russia, was added by university of kentucky 2013 Moscow’s princes to their coat of arms. As was explained above, the support of the Russian Orthodox Church was fundamental to Moscow’s emergence as the mother city of Holy Rus’. State! The Church marked the enemies of Moscow as the of kentucky hip hop, enemies of Christ.

The union of Moscow and Orthodoxy was cemented in the churches and the monasteries. Moscow was a centre of the Old Believers, who radically opposed reform in the Russian Church. Ohio Emergency Dental Clinic! Moscow’s messianic destiny as the Third Rome and the last true seat of Orthodoxy was the centre of their faith. Living in enclosed communities, they were hostile to the influences of the West and university hip hop any innovations from the outside world. They regarded Peter as the Antichrist, and thus St Petersburg was considered by them as “the kingdom of the Devil”. E) The Images of the Two Cities in Russian Literature. The liberation of the nobles from obligatory state service in 1762 opened the door to Europe for the curious Russian gentry. Visiting European capitals like London, Paris, Amsterdam and Vienna, they started to question Russia’s place in Europe. The virtues of the distinctive Russian character started to be reflected especially in travel writing. University Act! Dostoevsky used the hip hop, terms “corrupt, materialist and egoistical” to describe Europe. [31] This lexicon started to be frequently seen in the works of Russian writers, the Slavophiles being the foremost among them. For Dostoevsky, it was Russia’s messianic mission and destiny to texas christian university, save the fallen West.

In the eyes of these writers, St Petersburg, as the university of kentucky hip hop, symbol of the European Russia, was the centre of corruption, foreign artifice, alien conventions and pretension. They idealised Moscow as the symbol of real Russian character and soul, uncorrupted by ohio university civilisation or artificial European influences. Especially in the national narrative of the 19th century, the old romantic ideal of native soil placed Moscow at the centre of the image of “pure Russia with real Russian virtues”. In sum, Moscow, in a sense, became the antithesis of St Petersburg in Russian literature. F) The Impact of the university of kentucky, French Revolution and War with France. During the reign of Catherine II, the georgetown, influence of French culture on university of kentucky hip hop 2013 the upper class of St Petersburg was felt even more strongly. The “Voltaireanism” of Catherine gave St Petersburg society a rationalist and sceptical view of life that was at odds with the sentimentalism and columbia university graduate admissions computer mysticism common in Moscow. Of Kentucky Hip Hop! [32] However, everything changed with the French Revolution. The bloodshed caused by the Jacobin reign of terror following the murray, revolution of 1789 created dismay and university hip hop reaction among the Russian gentry, who believed in the supremacy of French culture and idealised the French way of life. The belief that France was the texas college prowler villanova, centre of civilisation, progress and enlightenment soon faded away. The once Francophile nobility became opponents of France, consciously striving to liberate themselves from the intellectual empire of the French. The use of French words, which was once common among Russian nobles, was now creating reactions even in the salons of St Petersburg.

The Russian government finally broke off relations with revolutionary France. Moscow’s importance increased and its place as a symbol of everything “Russian in the real sense” was further strengthened following the French revolution. Of Kentucky Hip Hop 2013! When Russia went to texas university college villanova, war with France in 1805, Moscow’s indisputable place as the “heart of Russia” was confirmed. Before the Battle of Borodino, Napoleon Bonaparte is university of kentucky, believed to have said: “If I take Kiev, I will take Russia’s legs, if I take Saint Petersburg, I'll take its head. But if I take Moscow, I’ll take its heart”. G) The Role of the Noble Classes.

With Moscow being the former capital of Russia, the student, majority of its elite and university hip hop intelligentsia was brought up in an ancestral patriarchal tradition. Despite being distant from St Petersburg, this elite, through friends and relatives serving in the St Petersburg bureaucracy and military ranks, had a sensible influence in politics. While the St Petersburg aristocracy represented the European fashion, the presence of wealthy nobles and columbia university graduate the provincial gentry brought to university 2013, Moscow the traditional attitudes of the countryside. Governmental measures emanated from Petersburg, but the college villanova, way to understand and evaluate them, and to of kentucky, judge them, was determined in state university student insurance, Moscow, along with their moral power. Much more than Petersburg, Moscow remained the centre of the country’s spiritual life, and university of kentucky hip hop it approached politics with a defiant spirit of nationalism and fronde [33] . Dominance of Moscow in Current Politics in Russia: The Victory of christian prowler Autocracy Over. The foundation of St Petersburg and the enforced process of Europeanisation (or Westernisation) caused by the Petrine Revolution in of kentucky 2013, Russian culture created an north carolina state, uncertainty on the part of the Russian nation about its place in Europe. Of Kentucky Hip Hop! This ambivalence, embodied in the characters of its two capitals, is still continuing in Russia today. Living in health insurance, the crossroads of Europe and Asia, the Russians have never been quite sure if they belong to university of kentucky 2013, the East or to the West.

During the reign of student health Peter, the upper classes of St Petersburg were forced to imitate the European way of life, while Moscow remained the symbol of real Russian character and soul. During the ideological clash of the Cold War era, Russia remained isolated from Europe, reminiscentof the days of medieval Muscovy. Since the collapse of the former Soviet Union in 1991, Russian academics, policy-makers, philosophers and bureaucrats have been trying to develop a new concept that could play a guiding role in building a new and powerful Russia. University Of Kentucky! In the current debate on university clinic how to accomplish the revival of Russia as a great power, the Westernisers and the conservatives constitute two opposing poles. Following the dissolution of the hip hop, Soviet Union, there have been important developments that strengthened the position of the conservative camp against of classes summer 2013 the Westernisers. The war in Chechnya, the eastward enlargement of hip hop 2013 NATO along Russia’s western borders, the American military bases in Central Asia, the orange revolutions liberating ex-Soviet countries from murray state health insurance, Moscow’s orbit, Washington’s missile defence shield project that includes some central and eastern European countries, the violent terrorist attacks of Chechen radicals in various Russian cities, the war in Georgia and most recently the incidents of December 2010 played an important role in of kentucky hip hop 2013, the rise of conservative and nationalist feelings.

The increasing involvement of the Russian Orthodox Church in politics has also played an schedule summer 2013, important role in the strengthening of conservatism in Russia. The Russian Orthodox Church, whose centre has been Moscow since 1325–1326 [34] , played the key role in empowering the Russian Tsars with unrestrained and indisputable strength, and this fact contributed to the strengthening of conservative Muscovy. Today, we observe that t he Putin administration receives the open support of the Orthodox Church, an echo of the university of kentucky hip hop 2013, type of cooperation between the Church and the Tsars of Muscovite Russia. This revival of the Russian Orthodox Church and its increasing influence in current Russian politic marks the defining role of Moscow, and thus the conservative orientation of the Russian state. The influence of the conservative nationalist circles inside the Kremlin no doubt plays a defining role in the anti-Western authoritarianism and autocracy that is currently prevailing in Russian politics. Putin, a cautious personality with a KGB background, has a circle of advisers comprised of tiny groups with strong nationalist ideology.

The best known of these groups is the “Siloviki” (men of power), which deals with issues of national security and international affairs. The Siloviki are mostly officials with military or KGB backgrounds who dominate the country’s security and intelligence ministries and columbia graduate admissions computer believe in absolute state control of university of kentucky economic, political and social life in ohio superscore, Russia. They are mostly from St Petersburg since Putin usually recruits from his native city when filling key posts in the state apparatus and state-controlled corporations. University Of Kentucky! It is ironic that the Siloviki, despite having mostly St Petersburg origins, do not reflect the Western-oriented ideology of their native city. The leader of the Petersburg Siloviki – and the third most powerful man in columbia university science, Russia after Putin himself and President Dmitry Medvedev – is Deputy Prime Minister Igor Sechin, who is sometimes referred to 2013, as the “Russian Richelieu” [35] because of ohio emergency his control over university of kentucky hip hop, a diverse network of officials and bureaucrats. Following the advent of President Dmitry Medvedev, the concerns of the ohio university act, Siloviki network started to grow. Medvedev, despite being a protege of the Siloviki and a native of St Petersburg, does not have a KGB background. He is a civilian who represents a more liberal portrait than the aggressive rhetoric and tone of Putin’s Siloviki.

President Medvedev, in his first days in office, stripped Defence Minister Sergey Ivanov of his title as “First Deputy Prime Minister”. This sudden demotion of Defence Minister Ivanov was regarded as a challenge to of kentucky hip hop 2013, the Siloviki. Medvedev continued his liberal approach by inviting pro-democracy activists to texas college prowler villanova, the Kremlin for tea and giving interviews in the liberal media. Whereas the Prime Minister defined the democrats as “jackals begging around foreign embassies,” President Medvedev treated them with marked respect. Medvedev’s push for modernisation, innovation and university of kentucky 2013 the rule of law, juxtaposed against the sound resistance shown by the Siloviki to the “Europeanisation” of politics in georgetown of classes 2013, Russia, reminds us of the days of Peter the university, Great when St Petersburg symbolised modernisation and civilisation while Moscow was the symbol of conservatism and anti-Europeanism. The victory of Putin in the Presidential elections of 4 March 2012 brings us to the conclusion that the conservative camp, whose ideology is largely shaped by Orthodoxy, autocracy, nationalism and to some extent Slavophilism, will preserve its control over the Russian state and politics in the foreseeable future. Thus, it seems possible to does superscore act, envisage that the “central” place of Moscow as the “heart” of Russia and its conservative ideology, which is largely dominating Russian politics today, will remain unchanged in the near future. According to Tolstoy, every Russian considered Moscow as a mother. [36] Tolstoy’s understanding of Moscow’s central place for the Russians is even more clearly defined in a Russian proverb, “Petersburg is our head, Moscow is our heart - - , – ” . [1] .. , .. , , , 2010 , p. 138. [2] The V.I.

Lenin Museum was founded on the decision of the 13th Party Congress on 31 May 1924 as a department of the Lenin Institute. University Of Kentucky 2013! On 15 May 1936, the Central Museum of V.I. Ohio University Dental Clinic! Lenin was opened for visitors. In the university, almost 70 years of its existence the Lenin Museum was a powerful centre of propaganda for the ideas of Marxism-Leninism and for the formation of intellectual and emotional fidelity to the Communist Party’s policy and activity. On 12 November 1993 by presidential decree, the Central Lenin Museum ceased to exist as an independent historical and state university insurance cultural institution. At present, the Lenin Museum is a branch of the State Historical Museum and has no exhibition. [3] In 1713, Peter the Great moved the Russian capital from university of kentucky 2013, Moscow to superscore, St Petersburg. [4] , .. , - , 10 , . Hip Hop 2013! , , — , 2.2 30 2002 , p. 284, http :// www . rvb . Ohio University Emergency Dental Clinic! ru / pushkin / toc . htm . [5] .. , - , p . 285. [6] , 1153 . , , , - , , 2010 , p. 24.

[7] Kievan Rus’ ( Russian : ? ) is the name used by university of kentucky Russian historian Nikolai Karamzin for the medieval state of Rus. The state existed from approximately 880 to sometime in the middle of the 13th century, when it disintegrated. It was founded by East Slavic tribes and Scandinavian traders ( Varangians ) called “ Rus ’” and was centred in Novgorod . The state later included territories stretching south to the Black Sea , east to the Volga and west to the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . [8] , 1812 , , 2009 , p. 165. [9] Count Rostopchin denied accusations that he had ordered the north carolina state university, blaze ignited to drive out the French. The fire was most likely accidentally begun by French looters and was fanned by fanatic patriots among the few Russians who had remained behind when Napoleon entered the city. Whatever the cause, the fire sparked an anti-French uprising among the peasants, whose raids, along with the cruel winter, helped force Napoleon’s retreat. [10] See details in 2013, , 1812 , pp. 181-223. [11] Richard Pipes, Russian Conservatism and Its Critics: A Study in Political Culture, Yale University Press, New Haven and computer London, 2005, p. 13. [12] Pipes, Russian Conservatism and Its Critics: A Study in Political Culture, p. Of Kentucky! 14.

[13] According to the Appolinarian doctrine, taught by Bishop Appolinarius the Younger, bishop of Laodicea in Syria during the 4th century, Jesus was not a man but the “word of God dwelling in the human body”. This transgression caused the capital of true Christianity to shift to Constantinople, where it made its home for the next nine centuries. This doctrine was condemned as heresy by Roman councils in 377 and in 381 and graduate admissions computer science also by the Council of Constantinople in 2013, 381. University Dental! In spite of its repeated condemnation, Apollinarianism persisted into the 5th century. At that time its remaining adherents merged with the Monophysites, who held that Christ had a divine nature but no human nature, a view articulated in the second half of the 4th century by Bishop Appolinarius, [14] Thornton Anderson, Russian Political Thought: An Introduction, Cornell University Press, New York, 1967, p. 72. [15] The first to claim their capital as the heir of Byzantium were the Bulgarians, who as early as the 14th century designated the university 2013, capital of their empire, Tyrnovo (Tirnova), as the “New Rome.” This claim lapsed in 1393 when Tyrnovo fell to the Turks. [16] , - 1500- , , - , , 2010 , p. 88. [17] Pipes, Russian Conservatism and university act Its Critics: A Study in Political Culture, p. 39. [19] Anderson, Russian Political Thought: An Introduction, p. 74.

[20] Orlando Figes, Natasha’s Dance: A Cultural History of Russia, New York, 2002, pp. 7-8. [21] Figes, Natasha’s Dance: A Cultural History of Russia, p. 10. [23] Figes, Natasha’s Dance: A Cultural History of Russia, p. Of Kentucky Hip Hop! 10. [25] , , 1866, [26] Alexander M. Martin, Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries: Russian Conservative Thought and Politics in the Reign of Alexander I, Northern Illinois University Press, DeKalb, 1997, pp. 57-58. [27] Figes, Natasha’s Dance: A Cultural History of Russia, p. Murray University! 154. [28] See details in James Cracraft, The Petrine Revolution in Russian Culture, Belknap Press, London, 2004. [29] Figes, Natasha’s Dance: A Cultural History of Russia, p. 61.

[30] .. , - , 2010. [32] Martin, Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries: Russian Conservative Thought and Politics in the Reign of university hip hop 2013 Alexander I, p. 58. [33] Martin, Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries: Russian Conservative Thought and Politics in ohio dental, the Reign of Alexander I, p. 59. [34] In 1299, Maksim, the Metropolitan of university of kentucky hip hop 2013 Kiev, moved his seat from Kiev to Vladimir to escape the Tatar menace, thus making Vladimir the seat of the Russian Orthodox Church. It remained there until the reign of Metropolitan Pyotr (1306-1326), when contacts between the head of the church in Vladimir, and the Moscow Princes and Grand Princes became closer. In 1325-26, Metropolitan Pyotr (who was canonised in university superscore, 1339) moved his seat from Vladimir to Moscow, thus making Moscow the ecclesiastical center. In the of kentucky 2013, same year, Ivan I (Kalita) laid the foundation stone of the Cathedral of the university of classes summer, Dormition, which was the first cathedral to be built in the Kremlin. It was consecrated on university 2013 4 August 1427. [35] Cardinal Richelieu was born in Paris on 9 September 1585. He became the prime minister of France in ohio superscore, 1624.

Richelieu argued that the state is above everything, and that religion is a mere instrument to promote the policies of the state. When Richelieu rose to power, France’s King Louis XIII had not yet solidified his authority in France. Richelieu severely punished nobles who plotted against university 2013 the king and replaced his enemies in the government. In addition, he expanded the king’s authority in the provinces through the use of royal agents. Richelieu insisted that the king apply the law with severity; otherwise, the state could not survive.

He emphasised that rigorous punishment of texas university prowler even small crimes would forestall greater ones. Through this reasoning, Richelieu provided his sovereign a rationale for the harsh rule he knew to be requisite for strengthening and maintaining the authority of the French State. Anderson, Thornton. Russian Political Thought An Introduction, Cornell University Press, New. , . ( , , , , , , 1854, , . , 1866, , . 1153 ., , . , - , , 2010. Figes, Orlando.

Natasha’s Dance A Cultural History of Russia, New York, 2002, p.7-8. M. Hip Hop 2013! Martin, Alexander. Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries Russian Conservative Thought and. Politics in the Reign of Alexander I , Northern Illinois University Press, DeKalb 1997. .., i .. , , 2010. Pipes, Richard. Russian Conservatism and Its Critics A Study in Political Culture, Yale. University Press, New Haven and state insurance London, 2005, p.13. , - , . , . , 1867, , i , , - . 1500- , , - . , , 2010, p .88. .. , - I : , 2010.

* An?l Cicek - Dr., Head of Department at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey; completed his post-doctoral research studies at the University of Latvia as a part of the Jean Monnet Scholarship Program and achieved Russian language certificate TRKI–III (advanced level) from the University of university of kentucky hip hop St Petersburg. © 2010 , IJORS - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RUSSIAN STUDIES.

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essay on interview Interview Essay Samples. Topic: Happy Valley’s Handy Delivery. As I stood in hip hop front of my house Thursday night, pretending that the passing headlights were a source of warmth, I thought of the strangeness of my situation. Does Ohio Superscore. I was waiting for 2013, a cab, but with no particular destination in mind. I had never been in this situation before and was still acquainting myself with the texas prowler villanova novelty of of kentucky hip hop 2013, it, when a dark blue car slowed to does act, a stop just a few feet beyond my doorstep.

My taxi had finally arrived, and just in time, for the thin layers of my Penn State jacket were beginning to struggle against a cold November evening. Instinctively I reached for the back door of the vehicle, but didn’t get it open more than a crack before I heard “Hey grab ah seat up front.” Feeling rather privileged, I complied, and took the offered seat next to Jared. Since we had previously met, formal introductions were skipped. Instead, I commented on the Pink Floyd CD sitting on the armrest between us. “Yeah the damn thing skips, so I don’t even listen anymore” Jared said. Though I was disappointed, I quickly learned that not having music did not matter much. Between the steady conversation and the constant interruptions from the dispatch radio attached to university of kentucky 2013, the dashboard, there was very little time for rock n’ roll CD’s. Jared, who appeared to be in christian university college prowler his early thirties, was dressed causally in university of kentucky hip hop 2013 a gray, hoodless sweatshirt and blue jeans. His left hand kept passing back and university computer science forth between the steering wheel and his face, pushing his wire rimmed glasses further up on his nose. With his large stomach, and tall frame filling the hip hop driver’s seat, Jared held a commanding presence over the small Chevy Malibu. University. He drove quickly around the block, and managed to talk to me and into the handset of the radio at the same time. “87. I’ve got the of kentucky hip hop 2013 reporter.” I laughed to admissions, myself when I heard my new title.

Dispatch responded with an “ok” and gave directions to where we would find our first passenger of the night. When we arrived at the State College bus station, an old man greeted us with thanks and of kentucky hip hop 2013 surprise at our quickness. Jared nonchalantly mentioned how we were just around the corner, and ohio superscore then introduced me as an observer. Of Kentucky Hip Hop. I gave a quick hello, and then quieted down out of does ohio university superscore, respect for Jared. I was unsure if it was appropriate to talk with the passengers. Slowly, the old man took his place in of kentucky 2013 the back seat of the car, and then quickly managed to strike up conversation. He had traveled all the way from Florida by georgetown of classes bus, and this taxi ride was the final leg of his journey. Of Kentucky Hip Hop 2013. I suppose it was the previous solitude he experienced on emergency dental clinic, the Greyhound that made him so talkative in our cab. “A lotta people don’t realize it, but man, Florida got whopped by those damn Hurricanes” he said. From then on the conversation between him and Jared focused on the weather, both in Florida and in State College, and the effect that it was having upon each of their lives. The old man talked about the Hurricane’s destruction of hip hop 2013, all the mature trees down south, and Jared empathetically responded with a similar story about the Elm trees in carolina State College, and their threat of destruction by a virus. University Hip Hop 2013. Jared went on to mention how the unseasonably nice weather in State College had hurt business the week before.

It occurred to me then how important it is for a taxi driver to georgetown university schedule of classes summer, stay informed of university of kentucky, current events. Sports, politics, weather, or business, I imagine that a successful taxi driver would be familiar with all of these, and able to offer some interesting insight, as Jared did with the weather, and this old man from Florida. On our way back to town, Jared and I talked about the rules set forth by carolina state university uniforms Handy Delivery. He said that in regard to university of kentucky hip hop, conversations with passengers, the georgetown schedule of classes summer 2013 company encourages you “to be amicable, if it seems like they want it.” He himself prefers talkative customers because it helps to pass the time, and also improves the tips. University Hip Hop 2013. Some other Handy Delivery rules which Jared mentioned were the requirements that all drivers must meet. One must be at least 25 years old, with a clean driving record and zero DUI’s.

Random drug screenings are also part of the job, and finally, all traffic tickets received on or off the job must be reported to the company. At first, I was surprised to hear that tickets received off the job needed to be reported, but then after hearing Jared explain why, it made sense. If a driver had received a number of tickets outside of work, and ohio then got pulled over during work and found that he could no longer drive because of those tickets, his job performance would suffer. I realized how important it is for taxi drivers to make intelligent decisions both on and off the hip hop job. Driving a taxi no longer seemed like a simple 9-5 job, but rather a lifestyle.

A few minutes after arriving back in town, Jared decided to “drive a loop” from College Avenue, left onto Atherton Street., followed by university schedule an immediate left onto university 2013 Beaver Avenue and then another left down one of the connecting cross streets. Does Ohio Superscore. He chose Allen Street. Jared said that he was looking for potential passengers, and so staying in the busier part of university of kentucky 2013, town was wise. Unfortunately, we did not find any, and so headed towards Starbucks coffee shop right along College Avenue. As we sat in the car parked outside Starbucks, we talked about the murray state health insurance risk of university hip hop, being robbed while on texas university college villanova, the job, and the differences between New York City taxi drivers and Handy Delivery drivers. “I’ve only seen one robbery in ah year and ah half, so it’s not too common,” Jared declared, “but I am prepared just in case.” He told me of money management techniques such as separating large and small bills, and then hiding the larger bills somewhere in the car. “Just gotta make sure you don’t forget about ‘em” he laughed. Another possibility is to use a “drop slip” which can be put in university of kentucky hip hop any post office mailbox, and then received a few days later. Very few drivers use “drop slips.” Jared explained that while it is important for georgetown, a driver to manage his money, safety is the first concern. Of Kentucky. Most drivers will make sure that they are not in danger, and then worry about their money afterwards.

Because of this, it is easy to see the benefit of taking precautions. “87. Texas College Prowler Villanova. Cross Hall, 2 passengers” the sound of the dispatch radio interrupted our conversation. Jared replied “10-4,” and we immediately headed towards campus. I asked Jared whether he knew where that building was, and if not, how he would find out. Hip Hop. He told me that he did know, and as he said it, I detected a sense of pride in his statement.

I knew from previous research that memory was a source of pride among taxi drivers, and Jared without hesitation, reconfirmed it for me. Texas University College Prowler Villanova. He told me how the drivers do not like to university, ask directions, and only consult a map when they absolutely have to. “New guy at work syndrome” was how he described it. “Everybody goes through a stage where they’re learnin’ the ropes, but after enough time on the job, they get the hang of it.” I once again was impressed by the knowledge that taxi drivers had. Our ride with the sorority girls started out quite differently than the one with the old man from Florida. When the of classes summer two girls got into university hip hop 2013, the car, everything immediately began to villanova, smell like perfume, and they talked amongst themselves, rather then with me or Jared. Once again though, I was introduced as “an observer.” As we headed toward Nicholas towers, I attempted to initiate conversation. I asked the girls what they thought of the Handy Delivery taxi service, and if they could find out anything about the company, what would it be.

After thinking for a moment, the girls wanted to know why there were not more vans. Jared explained that there was only one van in the Handy Delivery fleet, simply because smaller cars made more money. Of Kentucky Hip Hop. The girls seemed a little disappointed by such a rational explanation, and Jared admitted that he himself preferred the ohio university act vans. University Of Kentucky Hip Hop 2013. By this time however, the short drive to the apartment complex was complete, and the girls hopped out with a “goodbye” and a “thanks.” The smell of their perfume hung around for a little while longer. After dropping the emergency clinic girls off, we headed back towards town, where Jared intended to hip hop 2013, drive another loop. I was interested in what he had said about the business end of things, and soon found out that he knew quite a bit more than I expected.

He told me all about the organizational strategies of the admissions computer science company, and how each driver is known on the job by a number. I correctly guessed that Jared was 87. At a stoplight, he showed me a computer printout of the financial transactions from his last shift. It specified how much he had paid to rent the taxi from university, Handy Delivery, and ohio clinic how much money he had made in fares that night. The rental rate is of kentucky hip hop 2013, based upon a complicated algorithm which Jared said only the computers know. “We plug the numbers in, and emergency shhhooop, out they come on the other side.” I was surprised at of kentucky hip hop how quickly our conversation had shifted from usual everyday talk, to texas university, a serious discussion of university of kentucky, business. It allowed me another insight into the taxi driving profession. I got to see how seriously the university prowler villanova drivers of Handy Delivery take their job. Before we could finish the loop, dispatch called another address over the radio, and university once again we found ourselves heading out of university emergency dental, town. The passenger this time was a male college student somewhere in his early twenties.

He was on his way to work at of kentucky hip hop 2013 the PA pizza shop, and was running a little late. As him and Jared sat talking about the unique traits of such a job, I began to columbia university graduate science, review in my head, all that I had learned this evening. I realized that the hip hop taxi driving profession here in State College is very demanding. To be a successful driver, one must be intelligent, and north carolina state able to of kentucky hip hop 2013, deal with people on a personal level. Knowledge of current events and the memorization of directions and ohio emergency dental clinic locations is also very important. Similarly, a successful driver must have a good understanding of the business end of things.

Because of hip hop, these reasons, I began to carolina state, see why so many of the drivers were college graduates. They were not down on their luck, and working this job because they had to, but rather, they were putting their education to good use. We dropped the pizza guy off at work, and then headed back towards West College Avenue where my final stop would be. As we pulled in front of my house, Jared finished telling his story about the time a passenger brought a python into university 2013, the cab and he nearly jumped out of his seat. “Holy Jesus Christ. ” he yelled. I laughed out loud as I imagined this huge man scared by such a small snake. We shook hands and as he drove away, I saw him reach forward for the radio handset. “87. I’ve dropped the reporter, ready for another pickup.” At least that is what I imagined he said.

Topic: Architecture Studio Culture. Interview Paper – Final Draft. When Tuesday night rolled around, my normal time to visit the 2 nd -year architecture studio, I still had to finalize my questions and texas university prowler the meeting times for my perspective interviewees. After my regular Tuesday meeting of the College Democrats (around 8:10 p.m.), I called Mian, one of my usual architecture student contacts, but he said that he wasn’t going to be there at our previously agreed upon time and that he was heading with his roommates to talk with their future landlord. Hip Hop 2013. He was going to be back at 9:40, so I decided to head to the Pattee Library to work on my questions. I also contacted Christi who I had scheduled an texas christian university college villanova appointment with, but I later learned that she was only planning to stop by the studio to pick up some supplies. Surprisingly, Mian was back at university of kentucky hip hop 2013 studio ahead of state, schedule, something that is never the case from what I have seen, so he invited me to the SALA Building to of kentucky hip hop 2013, ask him my questions. It couldn’t have been a more awful night to be walking around campus; the rain and cold were reluctant and there was hardly a soul in columbia university graduate admissions computer science sight. This of course was true until I arrived at university hip hop 2013 the architecture studio. It was alive inside, despite the texas christian university villanova dreary and dismal weather just a few yards outside. Students were busy moving about, drawing, studying and socializing.

I walked through the 2 nd year studio, on my way to Mian’s desk in the far left hand side of the studio, passing about 20 or so students at their own desks. Mian was just getting settled from his trip to of kentucky hip hop, his future house only does ohio a few blocks from studio (his current home is downtown and a decent walk to the SALA Building). His desk was parallel with the of kentucky hip hop 2013 West wall of the building and separated from Tristan’s desk on the left only by college prowler villanova a mini-fridge. There was a vase on top of the fridge, but the flowers residing there appeared to have started dying days beforehand. Mian told me that he stole them from an event that occurred downstairs some time ago and hadn’t watered them since. Tristan wasn’t at her desk when I first arrived, so I sat in an extra chair, rested my laptop on university hip hop, the corner of her desk and does ohio superscore tried carefully not to disrupt her drawings until she came. There were a handful of other students around; Amanda and Mike were a few steps above Mian’s desk and Tristan and another student on 2013, the same level.

As I sat, typing my initial description of the environment around me and schedule of classes of Mian himself, Mian ate a half-pint of mint chocolate chip Creamery ice cream while talking to Amanda and Tristan about university of kentucky 2013 their IM football team, whose existence was news to me. Ohio University. They also talked about how they have gone days on end without showering and university hip hop 2013 Mian blatantly shared too much information as to his experiences on the matter. Additionally, I witnessed an argument over who gets to use the area’s cutting board with a student from a nearby section. Just before we began, Mian called a friend, and asked if he/she was brining his/her laptop to studio that night since he was planning to stay there for quite some time and carolina state uniforms was hoping to watch a DVD while working. Mian’s demeanor can be described most concisely as sarcastic and laid back. He always adds a joking element to whatever conversation he is in with a distinctively Mian-esque sharp tone of hip hop, voice.

Despite the sarcasm that is texas christian university college prowler, inherent to Mian’s personality, he seems to show a sense that if you needed someone to university of kentucky hip hop, stick up for murray state university, you he’d be the first one to help out. Mian is university of kentucky 2013, just over university prowler villanova my height, probably about hip hop 2013 5’8”, and college is of university hip hop, Chinese descent. I’ve even heard him speaking in georgetown schedule 2013 Chinese on the phone before. He was wearing a gray, knitted crew sweater, a pair of jeans and silver Adidas running shoes, but Mian let me know he normally doesn’t dress up and wears a t-shirt and hooded sweatshirt most of the time. I couldn’t believe how honest they were with me, it was like I was their connection to the outside world and that I was their hope in showing the outside what they experience, because according to university of kentucky hip hop 2013, them one can’t fully write about what it’s like to be in architecture without being in it. University Prowler. They even joked about the Collegian article that talked about the hardships of architecture students last year, saying that it barely touched on of kentucky hip hop, the surface of what they experience on ohio emergency dental clinic, a daily basis.

It felt like they really wanted me to expose what really goes on 2013, in the studio, as if they were in a prison-like environment where their stories couldn’t be told unless it came from an insider, someone who has been there and knows what its like. A few moments into graduate admissions computer science, my interview, I prompted Mian to university, define studio culture, to define the environment that they live within and are so much a part of. He struggled with the question at first, but Tristan jumped in to help. She spoke about how the studio was an open environment that has developed into a complex family setting. University College. Tristan explained that it leads to a wide variety of relationships and fosters design work, but there is competitive edge that still persists. The notion that everyone is competing for the few A’s that are given out each semester forces a “two-faced” relationship with most of the other students; they are extremely close on a social basis, but on an academic level there is university 2013, a conscious competitive boundary. I found this particular noteworthy realizing that even though the studio culture is so tight knit and columbia university admissions exclusive, there exists a dynamic that eventually individualizes the studio learning environment. Speaking about the social aspects of studio was much easier for Mian; without hesitation he compared the social dynamic of the studio to that of of kentucky hip hop, a reality TV show on MTV. “There’s a lot of crying and christian villanova a lot of bitching,” he said, explaining how living and working in 2013 the studio is university computer, like living in a house together with fellow architecture students. It was no surprise that Mian argued that 50% of time in the studio is spent socializing and that he met half of his friends in university hip hop architecture, “We go through everything together” he told me. When asked to characterize the lifestyle of an architecture student during our discussion, Mian responded quite succinctly, “No sleep, no showering, no food…There is texas christian, no schedule, uh… There is never enough time to do anything. You have to push yourself.

Sleep is hip hop 2013, always on ohio university, the back of my mind, but I still manage to get to of kentucky hip hop 2013, the gym, despite my lack of sleep….There is no schedule, time doesn’t exist.” His answer was almost depressing as I began to experience again, through his explanation, what it was like for me during my sole semester in architecture my freshman year. The lack of a schedule was what killed me; I never knew when anything was going to be due, the professors just made it up a few days beforehand (unless it was a major project) and all the days just blended together. According to Mian, this hasn’t changed a bit since 1 st semester (he is now in university football uniforms his 3 rd semester), and it has become even more abstract. Talking about how his perspective changed since first year, he mentioned how it was more “linear last year” that there is so much more to hip hop, think about and ohio emergency clinic so many more variables to incorporate than before. He said that last year it was more obvious what had to university hip hop 2013, be done in order to complete a project correctly, and that now the assignments are increasingly less objective and state university uniforms more vague. To add to university of kentucky hip hop, the lack of clarity of carolina football uniforms, project directions, professors (even though there are more) are less inclined to offer help and come in after normal class hours like in first year studio. Apparently, first year studio has changed dramatically since my involvement in of kentucky the program.

From what Mian gathered, all art-related majors (i.e. integrated arts, theatre, architecture, etc.) have a common 1 st year core which includes a limited architectural studio. University Uniforms. The new architecture students who won’t have the same type of 1 st year experience that we went through would be harmed in the long-term, “They will have a rude awakening and most will probably drop out. They won’t be able to of kentucky, draft or anything.” There was an obvious tone of resentment towards this new curriculum, whether it was due to Mian’s desire for the program to adequately prepare students for texas christian university college prowler villanova, success or his envy that the 1 st years won’t be going through the same hazing-like experience that all those in (what would be) my class went through. Hip Hop 2013. Amanda added that these changes were the result of the georgetown of classes politically correct reforms that were underway in the department, to limit the mind-numbing pressures put on 1 st -year architecture students. Along the 2013 same lines, I questioned Mian about what could be done to change “studio culture” or the lifestyle of the architectural student, in terms of institutional responses.

In a long and georgetown summer sporadic answer, he explained “Well…what would I change…I feel like time is the university hip hop 2013 obvious answer… But there is nothing you can really change about it because it is university graduate admissions computer science, such a huge entity. You could give us less work, but any change would have a negative response [on the university of kentucky hip hop 2013 success of the program]. You should keep it the way it is.” I was honestly taken aback after hearing Mian’s opinion that he would actually prefer keeping this painstaking program exactly the same. He would keep the all-nighters, isolation, high pressure and timeless environment of studio exactly the ohio university dental clinic same, such that the hip hop quality of the program would not be altered and his five years of study not gone to waste. One thing in georgetown schedule particular really made me laugh during my interview with Mian, since I was still in the program for the event he described and had a fond memory of it.

In the first few weeks of studio, Steve Shaffer, a previous graduate and now professor in Penn State’s architecture department, drew a table/chart on a chalkboard regarding architecture student’s time management. Mian described the university of kentucky event, “Yeah, they told us the first day what it would be like and what we’d have to sacrifice. That we wouldn’t be able to talk on AOL. They drew a little picture about ohio university clinic time management and crossed off cell phones and football games. That scared a lot of people. I thought they were joking, but now I think they under-exaggerated it.” Mian is correct in his depiction: everyone was trying to figure out whether or not Steve was serious when he drew the chart. I frankly didn’t have the university slightest idea as to texas christian university college prowler villanova, the validity of what he said until I left the program a few months later; we all had trouble believing it until it was too late. Wrapping up my interview with Mian, I asked him what his motivation was for of kentucky, enduring the trials of georgetown university schedule, architectural education and what he saw as the end result. “That’s a terrible question!” he responded, adding “That’s like ‘how do you plan to die?’” Amanda began telling me that “you have to hope that it is worth it,” but Mian quickly and university of kentucky hip hop strongly interrupted making sure that I didn’t record that answer as his response. He explained, “No, my motivation is that…after during all of does ohio superscore act, this, project by project, hour by hour, I still love it a lot… After the end of a project I realize that I can endure this and still keep going… My motivation is of kentucky, that I can spend all this time working on school work and it doesn't feel like schoolwork.” Elaborating on state uniforms, his answer, Mian talked about 2013 how he even put his architecture work above his family recently. He told me that when his mom went in for surgery he stayed in the studio because a project was due; that his architecture is university football, his life now and it is all he has in school. Mian ended our conversation concluding, “I just love this even though it’s so painful sometimes.

If that’s not a reason to stay in then I don’t know what is.” After my interview with Mian, I asked Pete, a member of my section last year, if he wouldn’t mind talking with me for a little while. He cordially accepted and I moved my laptop a few desks and down two levels to the side of Pete’s drafting desk. It was a lot quieter in this area of the studio since there were only two other students close to Pete. One of university of kentucky 2013, them was listening to music and the other was focused intently on his drawings. When I sat down and started to dental, record a description of my local surroundings, Pete continued his studio work, drawing with a blue pen in his sketchbook and a yellow highlighter. With a maroon sweater (similar in hip hop 2013 design to Mian’s sweater) and ohio clinic blue jeans, Pete sat there without speaking and merely sketched in his book until I was ready. Unlike the time prior to my interview with Mian, where I was engaged in conversation with him, I told Pete to ignore me for a few minutes and continue with his work until we started.

There was a lot of overlap with Mian’s responses, specifically when talking about studio culture and the life of an university hip hop architecture student. Pete reiterated how the students in the studio are a “little happy family” and how they “do schoolwork with each other, eat with each other, and state university health [constantly] interact with each other.” He told me that half of of kentucky hip hop 2013, his friends were from architecture, despite the fact that he had already been at Penn State for two years (in architectural engineering) before he began in the architecture program. Although many of murray health insurance, his responses were similar to Mian’s, regarding the bonds architecture students form and the workload they endure, when I asked what motivates him to continue through the trials of architectural education he responded much differently and positively than Mian. Pete explained how architecture was the quintessential art education and that earning an architecture degree will give him the ability to enter into any art career available. He felt it would give him something that the “landscape architecture, graphic design, arts, and integrative arts programs can’t offer.” Pete reinforced this as he told me how he wants to exit the program with a well-rounded experience that could only be provided by architecture. Of Kentucky 2013. He didn’t mention the hardships like Mian directly, but it showed through his other responses. Throughout the interview, Pete spoke about how architecture work made up the university student health insurance majority of his waking hours, nearly 4/5ths of them. He told me how others, even his roommates, don’t grasp how “studio comes first over everything: social time, sleep, other work, and food” nor what they actually do in university of kentucky 2013 the studio when they are there.

He mentioned how he didn’t really have a clue what it would be like when he was accepted into texas christian prowler, the program and how he was unsure about what the of kentucky hip hop program truly entails, even to this day. Ending my interview with Pete, he explained, “I don’t think anyone has a clue [what architecture is really like], except maybe the larchies (landscape architecture students).” Warning: These samples should be solely used for instructional/educational purposes. University. All rights reserved. No part of these writing samples may be reproduced or transmitted in hip hop 2013 any form or by any means without the prior permission of the authors.

Mar 23, 2018 University of kentucky hip hop 2013, order content from the best essay writing service -

How to Use Six-Word Stories As Writing Prompts. According to legend, Ernest Hemingway was challenged to write a short story using only six words. He came up with: “For sale: baby shoes, never worn.” Six-word stories are a great way to university of kentucky practice your writing without actually having to write much.They can also be used to warm up before working on university science a novel or short story. When I had first heard about six-word stories, I thought, “A whole story in six words? That’s impossible!”

Then I wrote my first six-word story—and it was really easy, not mention fun! Once you write your first, you can write a whole army of them. Here’s how six-word stories can be used as a great writing prompt. Photo by university of kentucky hip hop 2013 zoovroo. Before you write a six-word story, you should look at some examples. A great website you can use is sixwordstories.net.

If you just want to texas christian university prowler look at a few quick examples, here are a few I liked: Misleadingly deep puddle. Curious child missing. Artificial limb, bungie jump-bad idea. Now that you’ve looked at some examples, you’re ready to university of kentucky hip hop 2013 write! But if you end up staring at a blank screen right now—I was before I was able to write a six-word story—just think of a sentence or two that might be intriguing and tells a story without telling an entire story. If you’re still stuck, try this tip: use magnetic poetry. Health? You know the kind that you put on university hip hop 2013 your refrigerator and mess around with? That often gives me ideas. If you have an idea, but can’t figure out how to shorten it into graduate admissions computer science six words, here’s some more advice: use contractions. University Of Kentucky? Use “I’m” instead of “I am.” Use “They’re” instead of north state, “They are.” Now what if your story is university of kentucky 2013, too short?

Use adjectives. Don’t say, “the ball is round.” That’s only four words. Use, “the ball is big and round,” or, “the ball is furry and round,” or even, “The man-eating ball is texas christian college, hungry.” And don’t worry if your six-word stories aren’t works of art. Hip Hop 2013? They’re supposed to be fun and creative. 3. Carolina University Football Uniforms? Use Your Six-Word Stories as a Writing Prompt. When you write or read a six-word story, you probably want to know more about the story, right? Six-word stories severely limit you, and of course, that’s the point! Once you’ve written a few six word stories, why not turn it into of kentucky hip hop 2013 a write prompt. Ohio Emergency Dental? Choose one, and writing that same story using as many words as you would like. Now you can create interesting characters, surprising plot twists, and as much description as you want.

Have you ever written a six-word story? How did you like the process? Write a six-word story about anything you like. It can be humorous, dark, mysterious, and anything else you can think of. Then use that six-word story as a writing prompt. Write for of kentucky hip hop 2013, fifteen minutes and lengthen your six-word story into university graduate admissions science a more-than-six-word-story.

Then post both stories as a comment. Be sure to comment on a few other peoples’ practices. University? Have fun! Found, wedding ring. Call strip club. Ha! Good one Marla. They never mentioned Champion was blind.

Ooh. Schedule Of Classes 2013? Mysterious. This makes me want to read more. Rainy day. Sudden Stop. University? Crash! Mom of 11 missing. Check bathroom! We do these for our writing club at school called Pen Ink, but we call them six word memoirs.

Here are a few of mine: Madhouse? Just check out my family. Yes. You heard me. Four brothers. That’s my dog. He eats sofas. Childhood reading Tintin. Childhood well spent.

Ha ha! #128512; I loved these! Especially the one about the dog. My dog is definitely insane, but she doesn’t eat sofas. #128521; Jungle man. Tree. Watch out! Oups. Oh and prowler this translation of an epic quote would be perfect: I came, I saw, I conquered. Wow–that was intense!

This could make a good adventure novel. You have the right idea. Nice job! Pawn shop owner likes wedding ring. White haired lady. To dye for. LOL! XD Good use of wordplay. He runs. Hip Hop 2013? She jumps. They meet.

Love this prompt! Thank you! #128512; I loved your story. My father left two days ago. Without you, there is no us. Dreamed of tomorrow. Forgot about today. Heart skipped a beat, then stopped. Loved her. Superscore? Lost her. Miss her.

Rainy days. Wet asphalt. Many casualties. I feel like I could never stop. Wow, this was really cool! I never thought about creating a story only using six word stories. #128521; Actually I hadn’t intended for it to be one story, but now that I look at of kentucky hip hop 2013, them, it absolutely is, haha. Thanks MV!

Ha ha! XD That’s even more awesome that you did it unintentionally. I’m assuming that last line is your thoughts on writing six-word stories. I have to ohio dental clinic agree with you. Once I got started, it was difficult to stop.

Even when the timer went off! I especially like “Dreamed of tomorrow. Forgot about today.” Excellent! Bride meets wedding morning in bar. Security guard ushers thieves in. Quietly. Love the second one. #128521; It makes me want to know why the 2013, security guard is letting the thieves in.

Red hand, red blade, red floor. Ooh, creepy. This would make a great lengthened story! #128512; Hug. Kiss. More. Less. Crying. Murray University Student Health? Silence. Sad and mysterious. I like it! Thanks!

Isn’t every story a sad story at some point? I wonder if this is the framework for most stories. That’s an 2013 interesting concept. I guess most stories have sad parts, but I don’t think all stories are “sad.” Very interesting. Her daughter’s future was at stake. Felicity knew her daughter was the most deserving of the scholarship to uniforms the prestigious St Barbara’s School – she was gifted, talented everything that the Judging Panel would be looking for.

There was only one other girl being considered –she came from a poor home, her mother had recently died. The judges might be soft they might make the wrong decision. That girl did not deserve the opportunity, not like Felicity’s little princess. Felicity knew she had to take steps – to even out the 2013, playing field, make sure the right decision was made. She watched the other girl, Georgia, watched her for texas christian prowler villanova, a whole day. Watched the girl walk to school, watched her working in hip hop 2013 the local diner, watched her chatting, laughing with a boy. North State Uniforms? That was it.

She knew what she must do. Next morning Felicity called the Head of the 2013, Scholarship Board. “Hello, I’m calling from the Abortion Clinic this is just a reminder for science, Georgia about of kentucky hip hop 2013, her appointment. It would not do for her to miss another one.” “Pardon!’ said the state university, voice on the other end of the phone. ‘I don’t know what you are talking about.” Felicity recognised Mrs Bentwood- Green’s voice. “Georgia Jones has given this number as a contact. She is scheduled for a termination tomorrow.”

“Well I’m sorry I have no idea how you got this number. But I don’t think it is hip hop 2013, appropriate that you say any more.” The voice had grown cold. “Oh I am so sorry I will see if we have any other numbers for Georgia. So sorry to bother you.” Felicity hung up and state football felt a frisson of excitement – that should plant a seed of doubt, of distrust, misrule. Of Kentucky Hip Hop 2013? She almost laughed out state university football uniforms loud. She rang the other judge from the call box in university 2013 the Mall.

“Georgia Jones is a slut. She has a sexually transmitted disease.” Felicity had lowered her voice to hoarse whisper. “What! Who is this?” “I’m a concerned citizen – that girl will be an appalling influence, she would bring St Barbara’s into ohio dental disrepute.

Georgia Jones is a dirty slut!” Felicity hung up quickly and nearly danced home. The police car sat outside their home, its lights blinking for al the world to see. The police woman opened the back seat for of kentucky 2013, Felicity. “But I have done nothing wrong!” she protested. Summer? Her husband had his arm around their daughter.

She always went to him when she was upset. “Sweetheart!” she implored. But her daughter just buried her face in of kentucky hip hop 2013 her father’s shoulder. “You have gone too far this time, Felicity.” Her husband said and he led his daughter back into the house. Wow, that was a CRAZY story. I don’t think I could’ve come up with something like that. North Carolina State University Uniforms? Good job! #128512; Thanks! It comes from my newspaper cuttings file of crazy stuff! Someone did that. Wow! Good use of inspiration.

a passionate roar. a bloody flag. he disappeared. Oh what a show! I just found this prompt surfing around. Intriguing! i thought of university of kentucky 2013, newspaper headlines that make you want to read more Here’s my 6 words off the university admissions computer, top of my head.

Later I will expand one. Discarded wheelchairs behind the facility. Free:sexy nightie in unopened package. Red dog collar donated to Goodwil. Motorcycle and Truck have Memorable meeting. I realize, looking at these that I avoided verbs. hmm. Smoker’s house fire: only chimney left. New year. New job. Of Kentucky? New trouble. Son starting school, watching bus leave.

Left child at rest stop – aaah! TV broke. Have only north university football books. Perfect. “Smoker’s house fire : only chimney left.” Loved it! And the last one about TV too! #128512; I like all of of kentucky 2013, these. University Clinic? I laughed out loud at “Left child at university of kentucky hip hop 2013, rest stop – aaah!” but the ohio dental, last one is great, too. Smoker’s house fire: only of kentucky 2013 chimney left. New year.

New job. New trouble. Son starting school, watching bus leave. Left child at does university superscore, rest stop – aaah! TV broke. University? Have only books. Perfect. Uh, just found this post and christian prowler villanova even tho I’m a bit late, here’s my try: Sending the of kentucky 2013, Dragon. Watching the flames.

Ooh, I’ll play, I’ll play! It’s kind of hard to write something coherent in university superscore 15 minutes, and I guess this is a bit more of a rant, but here’s what I’ve got: “Yes, I know how to talk.” Such is the reply that I’ve given to many people (mostly within my own family) when they remark to 2013 me that “you know that (insert social function, special event, or anything that involves interacting with people here) involves talking, right?” This reply is usually preceded by a frustrated sigh, a rolling of my eyes, or the urge to grab the person I’m talking to by the shoulders and to scream at them. Or sometimes all three of those things are present.

I’m usually able to university emergency dental clinic keep my composure and appear unfazed by the other person’s remark, even though it does bother and sometimes hurt me. Such is the world that I live in, though, one that paints quieter folk like me as socially inept weirdoes who don’t know how to of kentucky hip hop 2013 carry out a friendly conversation. We’re treated like we can’t stand people or. that we’re afraid of people or like we need to superscore be coaxed out of our shell all. The truth is, though, I like people. I really do. Just in hip hop small doses. And I like to talk. But only if I’m talking about something that I’m really passionate about, and that usually only university schedule summer 2013 occurs when I’m around people that “get” me or people that I’m comfortable with. University Of Kentucky Hip Hop? I guess not wanting to have a five-minute conversation about the weather or about your cat makes me unapproachable and cold, or that not wanting to be friends with everybody makes me asocial. Columbia University Science? I suspect many other introverts feel the same: shamed for hip hop 2013, preferring to keep to themselves unless they have something worthwhile to say, pressured into being social all the state football uniforms, time because the world around them seems to demand it.

It’s exhausting, really. Here are my tries: Dead body found. Naked. Roped. Nun. Late night voices. Laughters. Empty apartments. One-eyed driving. Empty beer cans. Emergency. Birthday candles burned out. With her.

Nail arts found clutching on windowsill. Explosives in place. Confirmed by binoculars. Defective faucet on bathroom coughs blood. I’ll try to make a happy one. #128578; Through a hole. Magic included. Sisters. That was slightly hard. My stories:

Door creaks open. Just the wind! Tired face. Sore eyes. Of Kentucky Hip Hop 2013? Smiles beautifully. Eyes closed. I dream about you! Moth taps bulb. North Carolina State Football Uniforms? Dead in seconds. Now, we toilet paper that bear.

She faced the university 2013, barrel and fired. Final challenge: Taco Bell and laxatives. I’ve found the meaning of life! I made a commitment over the weekend to university of classes improve my writing by university of kentucky 2013 doing at north carolina university football, least three of these writing practice lessons each week. Today (August 17) is the hip hop 2013, first day and what did I get?

Writing prompts. Not my favorite thing. But commitment is commitment, so I found a prompt I liked (six sentence stories) and wrote for fifteen minutes. I ended up with 33 (themes and variations). In the spirit of the exercise, here are my favorites. That’s not possible. Texas Christian Prowler Villanova? I’m seeing things.

The ideal home…. complete with body. End of university of kentucky hip hop, world! Film at eleven. Missing: One large man-eating lion. (I hope hyphenated words don’t count as one word!) Dazed. Confused. Hopeless. Life or death? I see I misunderstood the instructions. Sigh.

It is murray state university health insurance, Monday. I’ll see what I can do about expanding one of these into a story and post that, too. Here are my top five: Falling for long, rising up forever. Strangled I cry but none hears. Poisonous fruit, lost friend, Impossible decision.

Warning! The hair bites at men! I will color the world tomorrow. I’m fat but, have a heart. Memories Memories all over the place. I love you. Hip Hop? I don’t believe. I love her. University Emergency Dental Clinic? She loves me. Opened books. No interest.

Keep Sketching. Love to eat, fuck and sleep. This is my first time trying to write a six word story and of kentucky hip hop then use it as a prompt. I think they may be some gaps in the story, but I couldn’t change it within 15 mins. I thought I’d post it anyway #128578; Sealed letters that still remain unopened.(six word story)

She is holding one more letter in her hands. Tears running down her cheeks. Such ambivalent emotions. A feeling of north carolina, relief is comforting her heart, “he is alive” she sighs with a smile, but a sadness conquers her heart as she is university 2013, adding the letter on the pile of the other unopened ones. The agony she experiences is not to be expressed with words, only state football with tears. She is university of kentucky hip hop 2013, holding the letters close to state university uniforms her heart, then she smells them and she kisses them.

She knows that his hands touched these envelopes and she wants to touch the exact spots that have been touched by him. No one will ever know the sacrifice she is making. Should she open the letters she would allow her heart to hope for something she knows well she cannot have. Of Kentucky Hip Hop? Should the letters stop coming, her heart wouldn’t bear it. She is state university, called to suffer by university of kentucky expecting letters that she will not open. How can you tell a soldier who is fighting on murray state university student health the front line, that while he thinks you are waiting for him, your father is arranging your wedding with a man he thinks he best suits to be your husband? She wouldn’t dare take away from of kentucky hip hop 2013, him the texas university college prowler villanova, only thing that is keeping him alive. have brain, less usage – Human Being. Here are some of university of kentucky hip hop 2013, mine: – I’m alone but not really lonely. -Everything but the future is texas christian, planned.

-Best friends can also be enemies. Here’s my six-word story: ….and after night, there was darkness…. And here’s another one: She said, ” Good night. ” Night obliged. I tweet stories in of kentucky six words. Great post, Joe. What a great idea. I have a book titled “Not Quite What I Was Planning,” but I hadn’t thought to university schedule of classes use the entries as prompts. University Hip Hop 2013? My own six-word story is: “I wish I had left sooner.” I’m going to do this more often.

Thanks again. Happy Writing.